HomeMy WebLinkAbout2020-07-21 Select Board Packet1
Public Services Department
Town of Reading
M E M O R A N D U M
To: Robert W. LeLacheur, Jr. CFA, Town Manager
From: Jean Delios, Assistant Town Manager
Date: July 16, 2020
Re: MBTA Bus Stop Relocation
The MBTA has advised that the process for relocating a bus stop is as follows (note that we
indicated the timeframe would be until November):
1. Identify temporary bus stops for the 136 and 137 buses (inbound and outbound)
2. Provide notice to passengers at the affected stop and on social media
3. Place temporary signs up at the new locations
Background:
Municipalities have authority over where bus stops are located, including closing or shifting
locations. Likewise, municipalities control any accommodations available at those locations (i.e.
shelters, benches, trash barrels). As long as the bus stops meet ADA guidelines, the MBTA can
provide service.
The MBTA, as the service provider, typically provides as much notice as possible to the riders
when there is a closing or shifting of a bus stop so that they aren’t left without service and any
new bus location meets ADA standards. Two weeks’ notice is the preferred approach.
Per the MBTA the combined daily utilization of both bus stops is 34 passengers.
JEAN DELIOS
Assistant Town Manager
Phone 781.942.6612
jdelios@ci.reading.ma.us
16 Lowell Street
Reading MA 01867
www.readingma.gov
2
Bus Relocation Plan (see attached map): The Expedited Approval Team (EAT) comprised of
public safety, engineering, and other town staff has met and approved this bus relocation plan.
Rt. 136 passengers can use an existing stop 49253 – Harnden St @ Union St which the MBTA
estimates is 400 feet away. Signage can be provided two weeks before closing the stop so that
users have time to adjust their travel patterns.
Route 136 passengers heading to Reading
Depot – stop could easily be shifted down
Woburn Street as shown (MBTA estimates
roughly 100 feet or so). The stop would be out of
the way and no on-street parking would be
lost. The wide sidewalk provides needed
handicapped access to passengers when getting
on/off the bus (MBTA estimates 3 or 4 seconds
per passenger).
Rt. 137 passengers can’t be shifted to an existing
nearby option, but, a new temporary bus stop has
been identified on Main Street right before the light
at Main/Pleasant St. The MBTA typically doesn’t
locate bus stops right before a light, but due to low
utilization and the temporary nature of the location,
the MBTA has approved this location (their data
shows18 people over 5-6 trips).
Stop 19253 (Corner of Lowell and Woburn, by Venetian Moon) services bus route 136 and 137
Stop 9297 (Corner of Lowell and Woburn, by Town Hall) services bus route 136
3
WOBURN ST.
Table Summary
Parklet Propsal
Woburn Street Parklet
8 Tables (36 seats)
Cobblestone Parklet
8 Tables (36 seats)
Total Seats = 72 seats
Between 2ʼ-3ʼ in height
Barriers
Cobble Parklet TablesWoburn Parklet Tables
July 16, 2020
Approx 10ʼ x 2ʼ
31” x 31”
18” x 18”
30”x24”
18” x 18”
Relocated
Handicap
Space
Venetian Moon
Caffe Nero
Remax
Middlesex
Animal
Hospital20.569.816.006.00
6.006.00
6.006.00
6.00
7.456.007.65
Legal Notice
(Seal)
Town of Reading
To the Inhabitants of the Town of Reading:
Please take notice that the Select Board of the Town of Reading will hold a public
hearing on July 21, 2020 at 8:10 p.m. remotely on Zoom to amend the FY 21 Classification Plan.
A copy of the proposed documents regarding these topics will be in the Select Board
packet on the website at www.readingma.gov
All interested parties are invited to attend the hearing, or may submit th eir comments in
writing or by email prior to 4:00 p.m. on July 21, 2020 to townmanager@ci.reading.ma.us
By order of
Robert W. LeLacheur
Town Manager
To the Chronicle: Please publish on July 14th, 2020
Send the bill and tear sheet to: Town Manager, 16 Lowell Street, Reading, MA 01867
Route 28 Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot Project
Project #604804
Town of Reading Select Board
Project Update
July 21, 2020
Route 28 in Reading - Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot
Project Milestones
Fall 2013
•Road Safety Audit (RSA) Final Report – Route 28 at Franklin Street
Summer 2014
•Improvements to the intersection of Route 28 and Franklin Street based on RSA
recommendations
Fall 2017
•MassDOT received letter from State Legislative group regarding poor roadway conditions on
Route 28
•Road Diet Evaluation completed by Stantec
Winter 2017/18
•Meeting with Town of Reading and elected officials to discuss a road diet on North Main Street
Fall 2018
•Project advertised for construction bids
Fall 2019
•Resurfacing work begins on South Main Street
•Meeting at the Town of Reading to re-discuss the road diet
January 2020
•Follow up road diet Meeting at the Town of Reading
February 2020
•Project team works with Town staff to plan and conduct business walk
•Project team hosts project information session for business owners
March 2020
•Begin weekly coordination meeting with Town of Reading staff
•Resurfacing and road diet pilot work begins
April 2020
•MassDOT publishes virtual public presentation on April 10
•South Main Street pilot pavement markings installed week of April 13
•Project team finalizes and installs revised pavement markings at Minot Street on April 23
•National Grid begins work on April 30
May 2020
•Project team finalizes and installs revised pavement markings on South Main Street at Doyon’s
and Dynamik Sport’s on May 21
•Two traffic cameras activated on South Main Street during week of May 25
•North Main Street pavement markings installed week of May 25th
June 2020
•Project team presents to Town of Reading PTTTF
•Project team designs and reviews pavement marking revisions at Federal Street and Charles
Street
1
Route 28 Resurfacing and
Road Diet Pilot
Town of Reading Select Board
Project Update
July 21, 2020
2
Agenda
Section 1: Project Background
Section 2: Public Feedback and Revisions
Section 3: Pilot Schedule and Evaluation
Section 4: Q&A
3
Section 1:
Project Background
4
Project Team
MassDOT Highway Division
Design, Construction, and Evaluation
Howard Stein Hudson
Public Involvement
Town of Reading
Municipal Outreach and Coordination
Section 1
5
Project History
Fall 2013
•Road Safety Audit (RSA) Final Report –Route 28 at Franklin Street
Summer 2014
•Improvements to the intersection of Route 28 and Franklin Street
based on RSA recommendations
Fall 2017
•MassDOT received letter from State Legislative group regarding
poor roadway conditions on Route 28
•Road Diet Evaluation completed by Stantec
Winter 2017/18
•Meeting with Town of Reading and elected officials to discuss a
road diet on North Main Street
Fall 2018
•Project advertised for construction bids
Fall 2019
•Resurfacing work begins on South Main Street
•Meeting at the Town of Reading to re-discuss the road diet
Winter 2019/20
•Follow up road diet Meeting at the Town of Reading
Spring 2020
•Begin weekly coordination meeting with Town of Reading staff
•Resurfacing and road diet pilot work begins
Section 1
6
Purpose and Need
Average Crash Rate
3.23
Main St. Crash Rate:
8.17
Crashes Within Project Area: 2016-2019
Section 1
7
Project Goals
Maintain a state of good repair along Route 28
Improve safety for people using Main Street
Calm vehicle traffic
Improve accessibility for pedestrians
Meet MassDOT Complete Streets and Healthy
Transportation policies
Section 1
8
Project Summary
1.Resurface roadway
2.Improve sidewalks and
crosswalks
3.Test a “road diet” on Main
Street to improve safety and
access
Section 1
9
Road Diets 101
Proven Safety Measure
–Promoted by FHWA
–Linked to FHWA funding
–FHWA studies show 19 to 47 percent reduction
in overall crash rates
Safety and Operational Benefits
–Rear -end, sideswipe, left-turn/angle, and
pedestrian and bicycle
–Fewer lanes to cross
–Allows for separated left-turns at signalized
intersections
–More consistent traffic flow
MassDOT Experience
–Implemented road diets in Wellesley, Hingham,
Boston, Newton, Watertown
Left-turn Sight Distance on
4-Lane and 3-Lane Roads
Source: FHWA
Section 1
10
Road Diet Pilot Design
•Followed FHWA and MassDOT road diet design
standards
•Conducted analysis to compare before and after
conditions
–Compared average delays at all signalized intersections
in the project area to test feasibility of new intersections
configurations
•Adjusted design based on feedback from Town of
Reading
Section 1
11
South Main Street
Fall 2019
•Installed intermediate pavement layer
April 2020
•Installed pilot pavement markings
•Updated pavement markings
•National Grid emergency gas
work began and is expected to
conclude late July/early August
May 2020
•Updated pavement markings
•Activated video cameras
Summer 2020
•Begin curb, sidewalk, and driveway
construction
Section 1
12
North Main Street
April 2020
•Began installing intermediate
pavement layer
May 2020
•Completed intermediate pavement
layer
•Installed pilot lane markings
•Began curb, sidewalk, and driveway
construction
•Relocated video camera
Summer 2020
•Complete curb, sidewalk, and
driveway construction
Section 1
13
Section 2:
Public Input and Revisions
14
Social Distance Outreach
MassDOT
•Project Webpage
–Project info
–Project team email address
–Link to online comment form
•Social Media Posts
•Video Presentation
–1,000+ views
–Rebroadcasted on RCTV
Town of Reading
•Project Webpage
•Social Media Posts
•Reverse 911
–Sent to 20,000 residents
Section 2
15
Public Feedback
Major Themes
•Anticipated traffic impacts
•Impacts of COVID-19 on
evaluation
•Less speeding on Main Street
•Access to businesses
–Bagel World
–Dynamik Sports/Doyon’s
•Intersection configurations
–Federal Street
–Charles Street
–Forest Street
157
48
5
200+ Public Comments Received
as of July 13, 2020
Online Map Email Other
Section 2
16
Collaboration with Town Staff
•In addition to gathering input from the public, the project
team has met with Town staff on a weekly basis beginning
in February 2020.
•Input from town staff have helped inform the project
team’s approach and pavement marking revisions.
•Presented project update to Town of Reading Parking Traffic
Transportation Task Force (PTTTF) on June 4, 2020.
Section 2
17
Pavement Marking Revisions:
Car Wash and Bagel World
Original
Revised
Section 2
18
Pavement Marking Revisions:
Dynamik Sports/Doyon’s
Original
Revised
Section 2
19
Pavement Marking Revisions:
Completed or Under Review
•Main Street approaching Summer Ave
–Painted additional merge arrows
•Artis Senior Living (1100 Main Street)
–Revised lane markings to improve driveway access
•Federal Street Intersection
–Adding left-turn lane for northbound traffic
•Charles Street Intersection
–Expanding merge area for northbound traffic
Section 2
20
Video Cameras
Section 2
21
Section 3:
Project Schedule and Evaluation
22
Project Schedule
•Purpose of pilot: Test lane markings in typical
conditions
•Pilot originally scheduled to end in September 2020
•New proposed schedule
–Continue pilot through Spring 2021
Section 3
23
Road Diet Pilot Evaluation
Driving the
Corridor
Observations
Community
Feedback
Data Analysis
Vehicle Speeds
Travel Times
Traffic Volumes
and Impacts
Driver and Pedestrian
Experience
Section 3
24
Regional Integrated Transportation
Information System (RITIS)
Section 3
25
StreetLight
Section 3
26
Next Steps
•Continue public outreach
–Provide educational resources
–Respond to questions, comments, and concerns
•Continue gathering public input
–Monitor project email address and online comment form
•Continue collecting and analyzing data
•Continue meeting weekly and coordinating with
Town staff
Section 3
27
Thank You!
Q&A
Route 28 Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot Project
Project #604804
COLOR DESIGN PLANS
READING
SOUTH
SECTION
95 CHARLES STP A RK ST28
28
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IPSWICH
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Route 28 Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot Project
Project #604804
REVISED DESIGN PLANS
1100 MAIN STREET
FEDERAL STREET
CHARLES STREET
LAFAYETTE RDWILLARD RDIRVING STCW
SL
CW
SL
CW
SLNERIDICATE EX 6" BWL
ERIDICATE INNER 6"SYL13.0'PROP 6" SYL
PROP 6" BYL
PROP 6" BYL 604804 PVMT MARKINGS ALTERNATIVE 20200624 - 2.0.DWG24-Jun-2020 4:58 PMPlotted on0
SCALE: 1" = 40'
40 160100
FED. AID PROJ. NO.SHEET
NO.
TOTAL
SHEETS
READING
ROUTE 28
70
STATE
MA
PROJECT FILE NO.
NHP(NHS)-003S(217)X
604804
58
CONTINUED ONPM SHEET 5CONTINUED ONPM SHEET 7GENERAL NOTES:
1.INTERIM SAFETY PLAN TO BE IMPLEMENTED AFTER APPLICATION OF HMA INTERMEDIATE COURSE.
2.THE FOLLOWING ITEMS SHALL BE USED AS PART OF THE INTERIM SAFETY PLAN:
·ITEM 106.361
·ITEM 818.460
·ITEM 819.825
·ITEM 819.831
·ITEM 819.855
·ITEM 832.
·ITEM 847.1
·ITEM 854.016
·ITEM 864.04
·ITEM 874.2
·ITEM 874.4
3.ALL INTERIM PLANS TO BE IN PLACE IN ADVANCE OF EVALUATION OF THE 6-WEEK INTERIM SAFETY PLAN.
INTERIM PAVEMENT MARKING & SIGNING PLAN
NORTHERN SEGMENT
SHEET 6 OF 13
LOCUS STFEDERAL STNERIDICATE EXISTING PAVEMENT MARKINGS
255'
6" SYL6" BYL6" DBYL
12" SYL
45°, 10' OFFSET
ERIDICATE 10'± OF EXISTING
TWLTL PAVEMENT MARKINGS.
EXACT LENGTH TO BE FIELD
VERIFIED.604804 PVMT MARKINGS ALTERNATIVE 20200624 - 2.0.DWG7-Jul-2020 12:45 PMPlotted on0
SCALE: 1" = 40'
40 160100
FED. AID PROJ. NO.SHEET
NO.
TOTAL
SHEETS
READING
ROUTE 28
70
STATE
MA
PROJECT FILE NO.
NHP(NHS)-003S(217)X
604804
54
CONTINUED ONPM SHEET 1CONTINUED ONPM SHEET 3GENERAL NOTES:
1.INTERIM SAFETY PLAN TO BE IMPLEMENTED AFTER APPLICATION OF HMA INTERMEDIATE COURSE.
2.THE FOLLOWING ITEMS SHALL BE USED AS PART OF THE INTERIM SAFETY PLAN:
·ITEM 106.361
·ITEM 818.460
·ITEM 819.825
·ITEM 819.831
·ITEM 819.855
·ITEM 832.
·ITEM 847.1
·ITEM 854.016
·ITEM 864.04
·ITEM 874.2
·ITEM 874.4
3.ALL INTERIM PLANS TO BE IN PLACE IN ADVANCE OF EVALUATION OF THE 6-WEEK INTERIM SAFETY PLAN.
INTERIM PAVEMENT MARKING & SIGNING PLAN
NORTHERN SEGMENT
SHEET 2 OF 13
C
H
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BEGIN SECTION 2
STA 89+36
MM 136.246
READING
RO
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8
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8
S
B NERADICATE EXISTING MARKINGS BEGINNING AT THE START OF TAPER
EXTEND EXISTING EDGE LINE TO
INTERSECTION WITH CHARLES
STREET (6" SWL)
ERIDICATE EXISTING 6" DBYL ON THE
WESTERN SIDE OF THE GORE AND ELIMINATE
THE 12" DIAGONAL SWL MARIKINGS
(EXACT LIMITS TO BE FIELD VERIFIED)
PROP 6" SYL TO
CONNECT DBYL WITHIN
AREAS OF ERIDICATION
PROP 6" SYL TO
CONNECT DBYL WITHIN
AREAS OF ERIDICATION
ERIDICATE 165' OF EXISTING 6" SWL
PROP 6" SWL TO TRANSITION
FROM EDGE OF PAVEMENT
TO EXISTING 5' SHOULDER
EXTEND 6" BWL 120' (3 ADDITIONAL SKIP LINES)604804 PVMT MARKINGS ALTERNATIVE 20200715.DWG15-Jul-2020 2:41 PMPlotted on0
SCALE: 1" = 40'
40 160100
FED. AID PROJ. NO.SHEET
NO.
TOTAL
SHEETS
READING
ROUTE 28
70
STATE
MA
PROJECT FILE NO.
NHP(NHS)-003S(217)X
604804
53
CONTINUED ONPM SHEET 1GENERAL NOTES:
1.INTERIM SAFETY PLAN TO BE IMPLEMENTED AFTER APPLICATION OF HMA INTERMEDIATE COURSE.
2.THE FOLLOWING ITEMS SHALL BE USED AS PART OF THE INTERIM SAFETY PLAN:
·ITEM 106.361
·ITEM 818.460
·ITEM 819.825
·ITEM 819.831
·ITEM 819.855
·ITEM 832.
·ITEM 847.1
·ITEM 854.016
·ITEM 864.04
·ITEM 874.2
·ITEM 874.4
3.ALL INTERIM PLANS TO BE IN PLACE IN ADVANCE OF EVALUATION OF THE 6-WEEK INTERIM SAFETY PLAN.
INTERIM PAVEMENT MARKING & SIGNING PLAN
NORTHERN SEGMENT
SHEET 1 OF 13
Route 28 Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot Project
Project #604804
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Route 28 Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Why is MassDOT testing new lane configurations on Main Street (Route 28)?
We conducted several safety studies along Main Street (Route 28) and identified safety issues including
high crash rates and high travel speeds. Main Street has 2.5 times more vehicle-vehicle crashes than
similar roadways in the region, and excessive vehicle speeding above the speed limit. High speeds along
the undivided four-lane corridor make left-turns difficult and dangerous and increase the risk of severe
crashes.
Our goal is to improve safety for people traveling on Main Street. With
this project, we want to reduce the number of crashes and severity of
crashes along the roadway with slower speeds and simplified left-
turns. Road diets are proven safety countermeasures that reduce the
number of conflict points and make travel safer for all roadway users.
A study conducted by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
found that four-lane to three-lane road diets reduce the total number
of crashes by 19 to 47 percent. Some road diets have shown an even
greater improvement—as much as a 70 percent reduction in crashes
along a single stretch of road.
The road diet pilot on Main Street will reconfigure travel lanes within
the existing roadway to create a center left-turn lane along the
corridor and dedicated left-turn lanes at several signalized
intersections. This reconfiguration of travel lanes will simplify turning
movements for cars, help provide more consistent traffic flow, and
reduce the likelihood of severe crashes and injuries for drivers and
pedestrians.
How will the road diet impact traffic?
A common misconception is that reducing the number of through lanes by installing a Road Diet will
cause traffic to become more congested. In many cases, road diets can maintain a roadway’s effective
capacity. An undivided four-lane roadway, like Main Street (Route 28) before the road diet pilot, often
operates like a three-lane road. The corridor contains many access points and driveways and the
majority of through-traffic uses the outside lanes to avoid being delayed by left-turning vehicles that
frequently slow and stop in the inside lanes. These four-lane corridors essentially behave like a three-
lane road (one through lane in each direction and one two-way left turn lane), so when they are
converted to a three-lane section they are unlikely to experience a change in capacity.
Often, signalized intersections are the most significant constraint on roadway capacity. Road diets can
reduce travel delays at intersections that experience large numbers of turning vehicles. Converting four
through-lanes to two through-lanes makes it possible to install dedicated turn lanes at several
intersections on Main Street.
While maintaining a satisfactory level of service (LOS) for motorists is important, people who walk also
appreciate efficient road networks. Road diets can improve travel conditions for these road users too. In
Route 28 Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot
most cases, these pedestrian travel patterns are linked directly to perceived safety and comfort. When
these factors improve, non-motorized travel tends to increase. Factors that affect travelers’ perceptions
of safety and comfort and are improved by Road Diets include:
• Reduced motor-vehicle speeds
• Increased space and/or barriers between motor-vehicle
lanes and pedestrians
• Shorter crossing length for pedestrians
The countermeasure’s primary objective is to improve safety for all
roadway users. Occasionally, this can require accepting a small
decrease in mobility to gain a large increase in safety. Additionally,
Road Diets can increase livability by helping create a friendly
pedestrian environment as well as encourage economic growth by
increasing property values and attracting businesses.
Before we finalized the pilot lanes configurations, our traffic
engineers built, tested, and analyzed computer models of the five
signalized intersections along the project area. We designed the
pilot lane markings and intersection treatments, like dedicated left-
turn-pockets, for the road diet pilot based on those results. This
allowed us to test the basic feasibility of the intersection
reconfigurations before making any changes to the roadway itself,
but we intend to fully evaluate impacts including traffic volumes,
vehicle throughput, and drive times during the pilot to verify the
models with real-world analysis.
How will the pilot roadway configurations impact businesses?
An ever-increasing number of transportation agencies are implementing road diets, a means of traffic
calming that can reduce speeding-related crashes and improve overall roadway safety. However, a
common concern associated with road diets is that the configuration could be harmful to the economic
health of adjacent businesses due to a reduction of traffic volume along the corridor. Road diets have
serviced many communities nationwide and research shows they can positively impact business sales
and property values1. For local businesses, a road diet can improve economic vitality by changing the
corridor from a place that people “drive-through” to one that they “drive-to.” Improving the pedestrian
experience along a roadway can make it a more attractive “park once” area. With improved pedestrian
facilities, a motorist is more likely to park, walk around, visit restaurants or shops, and enjoy the setting,
benefiting the economy and public safety of that town. Recent studies have shown that roadway
modifications, which increase pedestrian volumes, can also result in a decline in a neighborhood’s crime
rate.2
1 https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets/resources/pdf/fhwasa17019.pdf
2 Two-Way Street Conversion: Evidence of Increased Livability in Louisville, William Riggs & John Gilderbloom,
Journal of Planning Education and Research, March 2016 vol. 36 no. 1 105-118
Route 28 Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot
How do road diets impact emergency response services?
A typical road diet converts two-way, four-lane roads to two travel-lanes with a center two-way left-turn
lane. Although studies have shown that this conversion can reduce motor-vehicle crashes by 19 to 47
percent3, emergency response personnel sometimes express concern that reducing the number of
through lanes could increase emergency response times.
Contrary to popular belief and perceptions, road diets have not shown to degrade response times for
law enforcement and emergency services. Instead, a two-way, left-turn lane can actually improve
response times4.
Multi-lane undivided roads can be problematic for police and EMS responders, especially in heavy traffic
when drivers are unable to easily pull over. While drivers in the outside travel lane can pull over to the
right edge, drivers in inside lanes often seem uncertain about where to go. Emergency responders may
struggle to pass through traffic as they thread a path somewhere along the center of the roadway,
leading to longer response times and increasing the opportunity for secondary incidents during
response. In contrast, three-lane roadways provide clarity in the event of an emergency. Road diets can
significantly improve response times by allowing emergency vehicles to bypass traffic by using the two-
way left-turn lane in the center of the roadway.
The road diet on Main Street will also provide 5’ shoulders in many areas along the project area which
will allow drivers to pull into the shoulder lane, leaving the center lane solely for emergency response
vehicles.
What is included in the pilot evaluation?
During the pilot, we will conduct several types of tests and analysis to evaluate the impacts and success
of the roadway reconfiguration. We will gather data vehicle speeds, travel times, intersection
throughput capacity, traffic volumes and impacts, and driver and pedestrian experiences along the
reconfigured roadway using by deploying traffic counters along the corridor and on some of the side
streets, conducting speed trials up and down Main Street during peak and off-peak travel times,
observing driver and pedestrian behavior, and comparing the frequency and severity of crashes before
and during the road diet pilot. We will also gather public input and feedback throughout the road diet
pilot to help us understand the experiences of drivers and pedestrians.
3 Evaluation of Lane Reduction “Road Diet” Measures on Crashes. FHWA Report No. FHWA-HRT-10-053.
Washington, D.C. 2010. Accessible at: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/10053/.
4 https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets/resources/pdf/fhwasa17020.pdf
What Are Road Diets?
What is a Road Diet?
Before After
1.Eliminates one or more vehicular travel lanes
2.Repurposes roadway space
3.Improves safety and mobility for all modes
Source: Illinois Department of Transportation
Safety Benefits
Fewer Crashes
•Rear -end
•Sideswipe
•Left-turn/angle
•Pedestrian and bicycle
Simplified Operations
•Separating left-turns at
signalized intersections
•More consistent traffic flow Left-turn Sight Distance on
4-Lane and 3-Lane Roads
Source: FHWA
Safety Benefits
Safer Accommodations for Vulnerable
Non-Motorized Users
•Reduced pedestrian crash risk
•Can reallocate space for dedicated bicycle facilities
Safety Benefits
Traffic Calming
•Fewer lanes can reduce speeds by eliminating passing
•Lowers speeds and fatal and injury crash rates
Conflict Points Along Corridor
Rear -end Conflict Points
Left -turn Conflict Points
Side Swipe Conflict Points
Head-to -head Conflict Points
Broadside Conflict Points
At Intersections
Left -Turn Conflict Points At Intersections
and Driveways
Proven Results in Massachusetts
Summer Street Road Diet Pilot -Hingham
•Speeds decreased as much as 5 mph
•Little to no travel time increase or traffic diversions
•Currently in design phase for permanent installation
Route 135 -Wellesley
•55% fewer crashes
•69% fewer severe injury occurrences
Nonantum Road -Boston, Newton, and Watertown
•23% fewer crashes
•32% fewer severe injury occurrences
Photo credit: Jacob Wessel
Day Boulevard –Boston
REPORTING PERIOD AVG. TRAVEL
TIMES (MIN.)
Oct. 2017 4.1
Apr. 2018 3.8
Avg. Before Road Diet 4.0
Oct. 2018 4.1
Apr. 2019 3.9
Avg. After Road Diet 4.0
SPEED TEST
LOCATIONS
MAX SPEED
BEFORE (mph)
MAX SPEED
AFTER (mph)
H St.–I St. (EB)60-64 55-59
N St. (EB)70+50-54
N St. (WB)65-69 50-54
BEFORE
AFTER
Proven Results Nationwide
4-to-3 Lane Road Diets in the U.S.
•19% to 47% fewer crashes
Main Street Lane Configurations
Typical Cross-Section
Cross-Section Near Ash Street
Cross-Section Approaching I-95
Average Intersection Delays
Analysis Completed Using SYNCHRO
Franklin Street Intersection:
Before Road Diet Pilot
A.M.P.M.
Before During Before During
Delay in
seconds 67.1 50.1
Franklin Street Intersection:
During Road Diet Pilot
A.M.P.M.
Before During Before During
Delay in
seconds 67.1 65.0 50.1 55.8
Forest Street and Forest Glen Road Intersection:
Before Road Diet Pilot
A.M.P.M.
Before During Before During
Delay in
seconds 21.6 10.3
Forest Street and Forest Glen Road Intersection:
After Road Diet Pilot
A.M.P.M.
Before During Before During
Delay in
seconds 21.6 31.7 10.3 21.3
Birch Meadow Drive and Lawrence Road
Intersection: Before Road Diet Pilot
A.M.P.M.
Before During Before During
Delay in
seconds 17.7 12.2
Birch Meadow Drive and Lawrence Road
Intersection: During Road Diet Pilot
A.M.P.M.
Before During Before During
Delay in
seconds 17.7 22.5 12.2 35.1
Summer Avenue Intersection:
Before Road Diet Pilot
A.M.P.M.
Before During Before During
Delay in
seconds 14.4 6.9
Summer Avenue Intersection:
During Road Diet Pilot
A.M.P.M.
Before During Before During
Delay in
seconds 14.4 9.4 6.9 11.7
South Street Intersection:
Before Road Diet Pilot
South Street Intersection:
Before Road Diet Pilot
Route 28 Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot Project
Project #604804
PROJECT WEBPAGES
https://www.mass.gov/route-28-in-reading-resurfacing-and-road-diet-pilot
Route 28 in Reading - Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot
Resurfacing work will begin in March 2020 and the road diet pilot will run from April to September 2020.
Main Street (State Route 28) in Reading needs to be repaved and restriped. As part of our work,
MassDOT will test and evaluate a road diet to improve safety and access along the roadway. The
resurfacing work and road diet pilot will take place on two state-owned sections of Main Street/ Route
28 from the North Reading town line to Charles Street and from the Ash Street train tracks south to the
I-95 interchange.
OFFERED BY
• Highway Division
What you need to know
Traffic and construction updates
About the Route 28 Resurfacing and Road Diet Project in Reading
What are Road Diets?
Route 28 Road Diet Pilot Evaluation
Contact Information
Contact the project team Email Route 28 in Reading Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot
atRoute28Pilot@dot.state.ma.us
Submit your comments online
https://www.mass.gov/info-details/about-the-route-28-resurfacing-and-road-diet-pilot-project-in-
reading
About the Route 28 Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot Project in Reading
MassDOT is repaving and testing a road diet on North and South Main Street.
Main Street/Route 28 provides access to local businesses, retail, restaurants, and residential areas, and
connects to the historic Town center and common. This vital roadway needs to be repaved and restriped
in two state-owned sections between the North Reading town line to the I-95 interchange. As part of
this project, we will test and evaluate a road diet along the corridor.
Project Background
We conducted several safety studies along Main Street (Route 28) and identified safety issues including
high crash rates and high travel speeds. Main Street has 2.5 times more vehicle-vehicle crashes than
similar roadways in the region, and excessive vehicle speeding above the speed limit. High speeds along
the undivided four-lane corridor make left-turns difficult and dangerous and increase the risk of severe
crashes.
In 2018, MassDOT identified that Main Street/Route 28 in Reading needed to be repaved and restriped.
In 2019, we added two layers of new pavement and installed temporary paint markings on South Main
Street between the MBTA railroad crossing and the I-90 interchange. That section of South Main Street
needs one more layer of new pavement to complete the resurfacing process. North Main Street
between the North Reading/Reading town line and Charles Street also needs to be repaired with new
paving and paint striping.
As part of the resurfacing work, we will pilot a road diet with new paint markings and lane
configurations to improve safety and access along the corridor.
Our project goals include:
• Maintaining a state of good repair along Route 28
• Improving safety for people using Main Street
• Calming vehicle traffic
• Improving accessibility for pedestrians
• Meeting MassDOT Complete Streets and Healthy Transportation policies
Project Area
The repaving and road diet pilot will take place in two sections on North and South Main Street:
• The North Section begins at the Reading/North Reading town line and continues south to
Charles Street
• The South Section begins at the MBTA Haverhill Commuter Rail tracks and continues south to
the I-95 interchange
• This work does not include Reading Square
Pilot Lane Configuration Changes
During the road diet pilot, pavement markings will be reconfigured to better meet the needs of all road
users. The road diet pilot will reallocate space within the existing roadway and simplify turning
movements for cars by creating a center turn lane. This will reduce parts of North and South Main Street
from 4 lanes to 3 lanes to improve safety for people traveling along the corridor.
Today, Main Street has two 10.5' travel lanes in each direction. During the road diet pilot, the lane
configurations will vary along Main Street. The most typical pilot configuration will include an 11' travel
lane and 5' shoulder on both sides of the road and a 12' center left-turn lane.
Learn more about road diets on our What Are Road Diets page.
Project Schedule
The project began in the project in March 2020 with traffic signal preparation. Final pavement markings
will be installed in October 2020.
• Traffic Signal Preparation: From March to April, we will make upgrades and improvements to
four traffic signals along the project area. This work will take place during the daytime.
• Milling and Repaving: In April and May, we will mill and repave along the project area. Milling
on South Main Street will take place overnight. Milling on North Main Street will take place
during the daytime.
• South Section Road Diet Pilot and Evaluation: From late-April to mid-August, the South Section
road diet pilot will be in place. During this time, we will conduct observations and analysis to
evaluate the impacts to safety and operations.
• Sidewalk and Driveway Construction: From May through August, we will repair and reconstruct
sidewalks and driveways along the project area. This work will take place during the daytime.
• North Section Road Diet Pilot and Evaluation: From June to late September 2020, the North
Section road diet pilot will be in place. During this time, we will conduct observations and
analysis to evaluate the impacts to safety and operations.
• Determine and Install Final Pavement Markings: From August through October, we will
determine and install final pavement markings. The final pavement markings will be installed
overnight.
Public Outreach and Involvement
In keeping with CDC and Massachusetts statewide guidelines and orders for public gatherings, in-person
public meetings and site walks have been put on hold for the time being. While public meetings are on
hold, we are working to continue to raise awareness and answer questions about the project through
virtual methods. We expect these to include virtual public meetings with presentations and Q&A
sessions online, while the pilot lane configurations are in place.
Members of the public are invited to share their comments with us:
• Use our interactive online map and comment form
• Email the project team
We want to hear about your experiences traveling on Main Street. Your input and feedback during the
road diet pilot will help MassDOT determine the final pavement markings.
Additional Resources
Open PDF file, 6.13 MB, forRoute 28 Reading Road Diet Pilot - fact sheet (PDF 6.13 MB)
Open PDF file, 30.12 MB, forRoute 28 Reading - Road Diet design plans (PDF 30.12 MB)
Open PDF file, 6.59 MB, forMain Street (Route 28) Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot - Virtual meeting
presentation 4/10/20 (PDF 6.59 MB)
CONTACT
Route 28 in Reading Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot
Online
Contact the project team Route28Pilot@dot.state.ma.us
Submit your comments online
https://www.mass.gov/info-details/route-28-road-diet-pilot-evaluation
Route 28 Road Diet Pilot Evaluation
Analyzing the impacts of the road diet on safety and speeding by comparing vehicle speeds before and
after the road diet was put in place.
Travel Speed Data Analysis
Speeding is a factor in an estimated one-third of all fatal crashes, according to the National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration. When crashes include vehicles traveling at high speeds, they are more
likely to result in serious injuries and property damage. Our aim is to increase safety for people traveling
on Main Street and calm vehicle traffic with this project.
To evaluate whether the project meets our safety goals, we will analyze traffic data to study the impact
of the road diet pilot on vehicle speeds along the roadway. We will analyze the impacts of the road diet
on safety and speeding by comparing vehicle speeds before and after the road diet was put in place. At
various locations on Main Street, we will evaluate the impact of the road diet pilot on:
• Average travel speeds
• Maximum travel speeds
Field Observations
The project team will conduct field observations along the project area to observe traffic volumes and
travel patterns. We will document our observations to measure the travel and traffic impacts of the road
diet pilot.
Route 28 southbound where it transitions from one lane to two
Vehicle Time Trials
We will regularly conduct time trials and drive up and down Main Street to measure travel times,
evaluate driving conditions, and experience the impacts of the road diet on drivers.
Traffic Simulations
Before we finalized the design plans for the pilot lane configurations, we conducted traffic simulations
using Synchro to test before & after conditions at four signalized intersections in the project area:
• Main Street and Franklin Street
• Main Street and Forest Street/Forest Glen Road
• Main Street and Birch Meadow Drive
• Main Street and Summer Avenue
The traffic simulations showed the new lane configurations would not result in significant delays. We
will test those findings during the pilot. Information about the before & after conditions at each
intersection can be found in the video presentation on the project homepage.
CONTACT
Route 28 in Reading Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot
Contact the project team Route28Pilot@dot.state.ma.us
Submit your comments online
https://www.mass.gov/info-details/what-are-road-diets
What are Road Diets?
Road diets reduce the number of conflict points along the roadway and can make travel safer for all
roadway users.
Road Diets are an innovative roadway reconfiguration that improves safety, increases livability, and can
advance an area’s economic growth. A Road Diet’s primary objective is to improve safety for all roadway
users, while increasing livability by creating a bicycle- and pedestrian-friendly environment.
Skip table of contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Common Road Diet Configurations
Benefits
Proven Results in Massachusetts
Road Diet Resources from Federal Highway Administration
Common Road Diet Configurations
The most common type of road diet converts an undivided four lane roadway with two travel lanes on
each side to an undivided three-lane roadway with one travel lane on each side and a center two-way
left-turn lane.
This type of road diet allows space to be reallocated for other uses such as bike lanes, pedestrian refuge
islands, transit uses, and/or parking.
A common misconception is that reducing the number of through lanes by installing a Road Diet will
cause traffic to become more congested. In many cases, road diets can maintain traffic capacity on
roadways like Main Street/Route 28. If a roadway contains many access points and driveways, most
through-traffic uses the outside lanes to avoid being delayed by left-turning vehicles that frequently
slow and stop in the inside lanes. Four-lane corridors often operate like three-lane roads with one
through lane in each direction, so when they are converted to a three-lane section they are unlikely to
experience a change in capacity.
Often, signalized intersections are the most significant constraint on roadway capacity. Road diets can
reduce travel delays at intersections that experience large numbers of turning vehicles. Converting four
through-lanes to two through-lanes makes it possible to install dedicated turn lanes at several
intersections on Main Street.
Benefits
Fewer Crashes
• Road diets have shown to reduce overall crash rates by 19 to 47 percent
• Dedicated left-turn lanes reduce rear-end and left-turn crashes
• Fewer conflict points along the roadway and at intersections reduce crash risk
Traffic Calming
• Fewer lanes can reduce speeds by eliminating passing
• Lowers speeds and fatal and injury crash rates
Safer Accommodations for Vulnerable Users
• Reduced pedestrian and bicycle crash risk
• Increased space between travel lanes and sidewalks
• Fewer travel lanes for pedestrians to cross
• Can reallocate space for dedicated bicycle facilities, wider sidewalks, or other desirable
amenities
Simplified Operations
• Separate left-turns at signalized intersections allow for more consistent traffic flow
Low-cost Redesign
• Can be incorporated into the repaving schedule
Proven Results in Massachusetts
Summer Street Road Diet Pilot in Hingham
• Speeds decreased as much as 5 mph
•Little to no travel time increase
•Little to no traffic diversion
Route 135 in Wellesley
•55% fewer crashes
•69% fewer severe injury occurrences
Nonantum Road in Boston, Newton, and Watertown
•23% fewer crashes
•32% fewer severe injury occurrences
Road Diet Resources from Federal Highway Administration
Resources and information about Road Diets.
Additional Resources
Open file forRoad Diet FAQs
Open file forRoad Diets and Traffic
Open file forRoad Diets and Economic Impacts
Open file forRoad Diets and Emergency Response
Open file forDebunking Road Diet Myths
Route 28 Resurfacing and Road Diet Pilot Project
Project #604804
FHWA ROAD DIET RESOURCES
Safety | Livability | Low Cost
Road Diet FAQ
QAWhat is a Road Diet?
A Road Diet repositions pavement markings to better meet the needs of all road
users. A classic Road Diet converts a four-lane undivided roadway to a three-lane
roadway, but there are many other reconfigurations being used by States and locals.
For example, a Road Diet could convert the roadway space from five to three lanes,
two to three lanes, or vary lane of a three-lane roadway, as shown below. An agency
could even use a Road Diet on a one-way street. For design guidance, see Chapter 4
of FHWA’s Road Diet Informational Guide.1
BEFORE AFTER
Classic Road Diet Conversion.
BEFORE AFTER
This five-lane to three-lane Road
Diet removes lanes to allocate space
for multipurpose use.
BEFORE AFTER
This two-lane to three-lane Road
Diet reallocates shoulder width to
add a TWLTL.
BEFORE AFTER
This three-lane to three-lane Road
Diet narrows lanes to allocate space
for wider shoulders.
How do Road Diets improve roadway safety?
A study conducted by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) found that four-lane to three-lane Road Diet conversions
reduce the total number of crashes by 19 to 47 percent.2 Several features of a Road Diet contribute to this safety
improvement.
• A reduction in the number of through lanes can calm traffic, reduce weaving, reduce the number of lanes for pedestrians
to cross, and reduce left-turn conflicts.
• A two-way left-turn lane (TWLTL) may reduce head-on crashes by dividing opposing traffic and reduce rear-end
crashes by providing left-turning vehicles their own lane.
• Wider shoulders provide recovery room should drivers depart the travel way. They can also provide buses or mail
trucks room to pull out of the travel lane, allowing vehicles to pass.
• Pedestrian, Bicycle, and Transit Facilities provide a dedicated space for these users, which can increase motorists’
recognition that they are using the roadway. Dedicated bicycle/transit lanes and pedestrian refuge islands provide
visible cues that can improve driver awareness.
1 FHWA, Road Diet Informational Guide. FHWA Report No. FHWA-SA-14-028. Washington, D.C. 2014. Accessible at: http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets/info_
guide/.
2 FHWA, Evaluation of Lane Reduction “Road Diet” Measures on Crashes. FHWA Report No. FHWA-HRT-10-053. Washington, D.C. 2010. Accessible at: https://
www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/10053/.
QA
For more detail about each of these Road Diet features and examples of how agencies have implemented them, check
out FHWA’s Road Diet Informational Guide3 and Road Diet Case Studies.4
How do agencies select candidate Road Diet locations?
Whether interested in implementing Road Diets on a large scale or screening potential locations to yield one or two
ideal sites, agencies can employ several methods to systemically identify candidate locations.
1. Citing Road Diets as a strategy in safety plans —including the Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP),
speed management plans, or bicycle and pedestrian plans—can lead to systemic identification and low-cost
implementation.
2. Evaluating all four-lane undivided roads can help agencies identify an appropriate starting point by screening a
subset of the entire network.
3. Identifying multimodal expansion or connectivity needs can lead to Road Diets as a strategy to accomplish
the goals of safer and more-connected bicycle networks.
4. Screening all upcoming resurfacing projects allows an agency to incorporate Road Diets for virtually no cost.
For more detail about each of these methods and examples of how agencies have implemented them, check out
FHWA’s flyer on Systemically Identifying Candidate Road Diet Locations.5
What is the maximum traffic volume for a four-lane to three-lane Road Diet conversion?
Several agencies have developed guidelines for selecting candidate Road Diet locations to mitigate any negative
effect on traffic operations. FHWA has summarized average daily traffic (ADT) volume threshold guidelines for four-
lane roadways:
Less than 10,000 ADT: A great candidate for Road Diets in most instances. Capacity will most likely not be
affected.
10,000-15,000 ADT: A good candidate for Road Diets in many instances. Agencies should conduct intersection
analyses and consider signal retiming in conjunction with implementation.
15,000-20,000 ADT: A good candidate for Road Diets in some instances; however, capacity may be affected
depending on conditions. Agencies should conduct a corridor analysis.
Greater than 20,000 ADT: Agencies should complete a feasibility study to determine whether the location is a
good candidate. Some agencies have had success with Road Diets at higher traffic volumes.
For more information about a Road Diet’s relationship to capacity, check out FHWA’s Road Diet Myth Busters flyer
titled Myth: Road Diets Make Traffic Worse.6
How much does a Road Diet cost?
Road Diets are much more economical than typical roadway expansions (e.g., right-of-way, asphalt, concrete, drainage
modifications) because the primary expense is restriping the existing roadway. As a stand-alone project a Road Diet
is relatively inexpensive, and agencies can reduce project costs even further by coupling Road Diets with regularly
scheduled resurfacing. For more information about Road Diet costs, check out FHWA’s flyer on How Much does a
Road Diet Cost.7
QA
QA
QA
2
3 FHWA, Road Diet Informational Guide. FHWA Report No. FHWA-SA-14-028. Washington, D.C. 2014. Accessible at: http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_
diets/info_guide/.
4 FHWA, Road Diet Case Studies. FHWA Report No. FHWA-SA-15-052. Washington, D.C. 2015. Accessible at: http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets/case_
studies/.
5 FHWA, Road Diet: Systemically Identifying Candidate Road Diet Locations. FHWA Report No. FHWA-SA- 17-018. Washington, D.C. 2016.
6 FHWA, “Road Diet Myth Busters, Myth: Road Diets Make Traffic Worse,” FHWA-SA-16-036, Washington, D.C. 2016. Accessible at: http://safety.fhwa.dot.
gov/road_diets/resources/pdf/roadDiet_MythBuster.pdf.
7 FHWA, “Road Diet: How Much Does a Road Diet Cost?” FHWA-SA-16-100, Washington, D.C. 2016.
QA What are the effects of Road Diets on emergency response services?
Multi-lane undivided roads can be problematic for emergency responders, as drivers may not be aware of protocols
for allowing emergency vehicles to pass. Road Diets can significantly improve response times by allowing emergency
vehicles to bypass traffic by using the center two-way left-turn lane. For examples of how Road Diets have positively
affected emergency response times, check out FHWA’s flyer on Road Diets and Emergency Response: Friends, Not
Foes 8.
How does a Road Diet affect businesses?
A Road Diet can improve economic vitality by changing the corridor from a place peope “drive-through” to one
that they “drive-to.” Replacing vehicle travel lanes with on-street parking options, walking areas, and bicycle lanes
can make the street a more attractive “park once” place. With these improved facilities, a motorist is more likely to
park, walk around, shop, and enjoy the setting. For examples of how Road Diets have positively affected surrounding
businesses, check out FHWA’s flyer on Road Diets’ Economic Impacts.9
What metrics can I use to evaluate a Road Diet?
Effective assessment of Road Diet operational, safety, and livability success can use a mixture of quantitative and
qualitative metrics. The table below outlines commonly used metrics for evaluating the performance of a Road Diet.
For more information about each of these evaluation metrics, check out FHWA’s Road Diet Informational Guide.10 For
examples of how agencies have used these metrics, see FHWA’s flyer on Road Diets Evaluation Metrics.11
QA
QA
QA
Operational Safety Livability/Economic Development
Daily traffic counts
Peak hour traffic counts
Turning movement traffic counts
Intersection queue lengths (main
street and side street)
Travel times (vehicles)
Travel time (transit)
Adjacent street traffic counts and
speeds
Bicycle counts
Pedestrian counts
Travel speeds
Percent of drivers over the speed limit
Percent of top-end speeders (Greater
than 10 mph over speed limit)
Crash frequency, type, severity,
and rate
Perceived level of safety
Transit ridership
Availability of on-street parking
Overall public satisfaction
Property values
Resident/public feedback
Business feedback/sales records
Number of new businesses/
residences
How do agencies incorporate Road Diets into design guidelines and policies?
Agencies incorporate Road Diets into their policies as both stand-alone documents and parts of existing agency plans
and practices. Stand-alone policies add Road Diets to the agency’s toolbox as a first-tier solution. Including Road
Diets into a Strategic Highway Safety Plan, transportation planning process, or design guidance distinguishes it as a
broader safety improvement strategy. Examples of how States have incorporated Road Diets into their guidance and
policies are included in FHWA’s brochure on Road Diet Policies: Expanding Beyond a Single Implementation.12
8 FHWA, “Road Diet and Emergency Response: Friends, Not Foes.” FHWA-SA-17-020, Washington, D.C. 2016.
9 FHWA, “Road Diets’ Economic Impacts.” FHWA-SA-17-019, Washington, D.C. 2016.
10 FHWA, “Road Diet Informational Guide,” FHWA-SA-14-028, Washington, D.C. 2014. Accessible at: http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets/info_guide/.
11 FHWA, “Road Diet Evaluation Metrics,” FHWA-SA-17-022, Washington, D.C. 2016.
12 FHWA, Road Diet Policies: Expanding Beyond a Single Implementation, FHWA-SA-16-072. Washington, D.C. 2016. Accessible at: http://safety.fhwa.dot.
gov/road_diets/resources/fhwasa16072/.
3
QA How can I communicate Road Diet benefits to the public?
FHWA’s Office of Safety has developed two educational handouts that agencies can use at public meetings. The
Common Questions and Answers handout provides high-level information about Road Diets and their benefits.13 The
Debunking Road Diet Myths handout addresses common concerns that sometimes arise at public meetings.14 FHWA
has also developed a Road Diet video targeted at increasing public awareness and support.15,16
FHWA also provides free technical assistance that can include help for developing materials that can be used at an
agency’s public meetings. For more information or to request technical assistance, please contact Rebecca Crowe
(rebecca.crowe@dot.gov) at the FHWA Office of Safety.
Are Federal funds available for Road Diet projects?
Yes, Road Diet projects are typically eligible for funding through Federal programs like the Surface Transportation
Program (STP) and Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP), as well as other funding mechanisms. Some agencies
have also used funding from Safe Routes to School programs, pedestrian and bicycle funds, and transit grants. Several
agencies monitor their jurisdiction’s resurfacing projects to see whether streets scheduled for upcoming resurfacing
are good candidates for Road Diets, allowing them to use a small portion of annual paving program funds for some
Road Diet installations.17 To learn more about funding opportunities, contact your FHWA Division office.
QA
13 FHWA, “Road Diet: Common Questions and Answers,” FHWA-SA-16-073. Washington, D.C. 2016.
14 FHWA, “Road Diet: Debunking Common Road Diet Myths,” FHWA-SA- 16- 074. Washington, D.C. 2016. Accessible at: http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_
diets/resources/fhwasa16074/.
15 FHWA, “Road Diet Video (short),” 2016. Accessible at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3ucpaCigig.
16 FHWA, “Road Diet Video (long),” 2016. Accessible at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_xTUCPWG78.
17 FHWA, “Road Diet Informational Guide,” FHWA-SA-14-028. Washington, D.C. 2014. Accessible at: http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets/info_guide/.
safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets FHWA-SA-17-021
safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets
Road Diets are an innovative roadway reconfiguration that improves safety, increases livability, and can advance
the area’s economic growth. Even after hundreds of successfully implemented Road Diets across the country, many
misconceptions still arise. This flyer debunks some of the most common Road Diet myths.
Myth:A Road Diet may divert traffic from
the area, effecting economic growth.
This is false. A Road Diet can drastically improve a
corridor’s quality of life and the appeal or “livability” of an
area. Livability is a term used to describe the tie between
the quality and location of transportation facilities to
broader opportunities such as access to jobs, affordable
housing, and safer streets, which all promote economic
development. For the majority of Road Diets, the Average
Daily Traffic (ADT) remains constant; however, some
Road Diets have seen a decrease in vehicular traffic and
an increase in bicycle or pedestrian traffic. The Seventh
Street Road Diet in Los Angeles, California saw bicycle
traffic double as the result of the bicycle facilities provided
by the Road Diet.
Myth:If you remove a travel lane,
then traffic will backup.
This is false. Road Diets typically do not adversely affect
travel times within a corridor; rather, clearing clogged travel
lanes of left-turning traffic actually improves operations.
For example, when a corridor has numerous access points
(driveways), the majority of through traffic tends to utilize
the outside travel lanes to avoid being delayed by left-
turning vehicles slowing and stopping in the inside travel
lanes. These four-lane corridors essentially behave like a
three-lane road (see left figure). As such, when these four-
lane corridors are converted to a three-lane section, they
are unlikely to increase congestion.
Safety | Livability | Low Cost
Debunking Road Diet Myths
Indianapolis’ Cultural Trail
This 8-mile biking and walking trail system connecting
cultural districts, neighborhoods, and the city’s greenway
system, was established by implementing Road Diets
on several downtown streets. These areas saw over
$300 million of new developments within a few years
after the Road Diet was implemented.
Source: Indianapolis Convention and Visitors Association
M Y T H B U S T E R S
Before
A four-lane road behaving
like a three-lane road.
After
A Road Diet providing a
two-way left-turn lane.
safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets
A Road Diet configured to better accommodate buses.
Source: PeopleForBikes
Myth:Road Diets are too narrow for
large vehicles.
This is false. Many Road Diets do not narrow existing
lanes while others may only narrow lanes slightly. In all
cases, engineers ensure that lanes are still wide enough
to accommodate large vehicles like freight trucks,
school buses, and transit buses. In fact, Road Diets
present an opportunity to re-plan the roadway space
for large vehicles by including delivery parking areas,
improved intersection turning radii, and protected bus
pullouts for pickup or drop-off. Road Diets can also
incorporate wider shoulders, which increase the space
between pedestrians and large vehicles.
Myth:Road Diets delay emergency
response times.
This is false. Road Diets can improve emergency
response times. Multi-lane undivided roads can be
awkward and unsafe for emergency responders, and
can slow response times. Drivers are often uncertain
about where to go to allow emergency responders
to pass.
If the outside travel lane has traffic, inside-lane drivers
cannot pull over until they see where space remains.
Sometimes inside-lane drivers move over only slightly
and stop. Emergency vehicle drivers may thread a path
somewhere along the center of the roadway if they are
able to move at all (“Before” side of the figure).
A two-way left-turn lane and wide shoulder areas allow
traffic to move aside more quickly. The center turn-lane
provides a predictable path for the emergency response vehicle (“After” side of the figure). Left-turning vehicles in
the center lane often have the ability to clear the way, by either executing their left-turn or by moving to the right,
when other vehicles have stopped. Additional “free space” provided by Road Diets in the form of wider shoulders,
bicycle lanes, or parking can also accommodate vehicles yielding to emergency response vehicles.
Tying It All Together
A Road Diet’s primary objective is to improve safety for all roadway users, while increasing livability by creating
a bicycle- and pedestrian-friendly environment. This in turn can encourage economic growth by increasing
property values and attracting businesses. Road Diets are an opportunity to redesign and reallocate roadway
space to better meet the needs of all users and can be tailored to reflect the individual needs and desires of the
communities in which they are implemented.
M Y T H B U S T E R S
March 2016
FHWA-SA-16-074
Before
A fire truck struggling to
find a path.
After
An easily navigable two-
way left-turn lane.
_
Safety | Livability | Low Cost
M Y T H B U S T E R S
Road Diets and Emergency Response: Friends, Not Foes
A typical Road Diet converts two-way, four-lane roads
to two travel-lanes with a center two-way left-turn lane
(TWLTL). Although studies have shown that this
conversion can reduce motor-vehicle crashes by 19 to
47 percent,1 emergency response personnel sometimes
express concern that reducing the number of through
lanes could increase emergency response times.
Myth: Road Diets Lead to Slow Emergency
Response Times!
Contrary to popular belief, Road Diets do not degrade
response times for law enforcement and emergency
services. Instead, one simple Road Diet feature can actually
improve response times: the two-way, left-turn lane.
Multi-lane undivided roads can be problematic for police
and EMS responders, as drivers may not be aware of
protocols for allowing emergency vehicles to pass. While
drivers in the outside travel lane are typically able to pull
over to the right edge, drivers in inside lanes often seem
uncertain about where to go. Emergency responders
may struggle to pass through traffic as they thread a path
somewhere along the center of the roadway, leading to
longer response times and increasing the opportunity for
secondary incidents during response.
In contrast, three-lane roadways (including those in Road
Diets) provide clarity in the event of an emergency. Road
Diets can significantly improve response times by allowing
emergency vehicles to bypass traffic by using the TWLTL.
Drivers in through lanes can remain in place, leaving the
TWLTL solely for emergency response vehicles.
A Road Diet design opens a more predictable and
practical path for emergency responders.
1 Evaluation of Lane Reduction “Road Diet” Measures on Crashes. FHWA Report No. FHWA-HRT-10-053. Washington, D.C. 2010.
Accessible at: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/10053/.
Before After
Two travel lanes are removed to reallocate space for a
TWLWL and bicycle lanes.
Before After
A fire truck struggling to An easily navigable two-way
find a path. left-turn lane.
safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road diets
_
- - -
M Y T H B U S T E R S
Case Studies
Two cities in New Jersey shared their experiences with emergency response vehicles and Road Diets. Each saw an
improvement in emergency response operations and safety due to the Road Diet.
West Avenue – Ocean City, New Jersey
Ocean City, New Jersey, is a tourist-centric community
with a population approaching 150,000 during the
height of the travel season. West Avenue, located
along the shoreline, was once a four-lane facility with
on-street parallel parking and heavy bicycle and
pedestrian use. It also served as the main thoroughfare
for emergency vehicles. To improve road user safety,
the city installed a Road Diet on West Avenue,
reducing the number of lanes to three (one travel lane
each way and a center TWLTL).
Despite skepticism from emergency responders and
the public prior to the Road Diet, the Ocean City
Police, other first responders, and the community
have embraced the results. Responders no longer
have to try to predict driver behavior to navigate the
corridor or wait for a lane to clear. Drivers can use the
extra shoulder width to pull over, allowing emergency
vehicles to use the TWLTL.
The new configuration is leaps “and bounds safer.”
Brian Hopely
Police Traffic Sergeant, Ocean City Police
South Broad Street – Woodbury, New Jersey
Source: Brian Hopely
West Ave., Ocean City, NJ before the Road Diet.
Source: Department of Public Works, Ocean City, NJ
Plan for Road Diet Reconfiguration on
West Ave., Ocean City, NJ.
South Broad Street in Woodbury, New Jersey – a two-way,
four-lane roadway – was plagued with excessive speeding,
little opportunity to make left turns, improper lane changes,
parking difficulties, and safety concerns as pedestrians
crossed at unmarked crosswalks.
When the city suggested Road Diets as a possible solution,
Woodbury Police were initially opposed, citing concerns
over potentially slower emergency response times. When
other safety measures did not reduce excessive speeding or
improve safety along the corridor, the city implemented a
mile-long Road Diet.
After installation, emergency service providers have become more comfortable with South Broad Street’s
travel more directly and safely using the TWLTL.
ull to the right to let emergency vehicle pass, and then
crashes and vehicle speeds. Pedestrians also feel
configuration. The Road Diet enabled emergency vehicles to
When drivers become aware of the response vehicles, they p
return to their movement. In addition, the Road Diet reduced
safer and more confident while crossing the street.
safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road diets
The Road Diet did not affect “emergency vehicle response times.
Responders feel it is now easier and
safer to reach their destination.”
Reed Merinuk
Retired Police Chief, Woodbury PD
FHWA SA 17 020
Safety | Livability | Low Cost
Road Diets’ Economic Impacts
M Y T H B U S T E R S
Myth:A Road Diet will reduce vehicle throughput and hurt business.
An ever-increasing number of transportation
agencies are implementing Road Diets, which
reallocate vehicle lanes for a number of uses,
including accommodating pedestrians, bicyclists,
and transit. Road Diets are also a means of traffic
calming that can reduce speeding-related crashes
and improve overall roadway safety. However,
a common concern associated with Road Diets
is that the configuration could be harmful to the
economic health of the neighborhood due to a
reduction of traffic volume along the corridor.
“More people on foot are better
for businesses.”
Jeanette Sadik-Khan
Former New York City DOT Commissioner
A closer look: What changes for the
local businesses?
Road Diets have serviced many communities
nationwide and research shows they can positively
impact business sales and property values.
For local businesses, a Road Diet can improve
economic vitality by changing the corridor from a
place that people “drive-through” to one that they
“drive-to.” Replacing vehicle travel lanes with on-
street parking options, walking areas, and bicycle
lanes can make the street a more attractive “park once” area. With these improved facilities, a motorist is more likely
to park, walk around, visit restaurants or shops, and enjoy the setting, benefiting the economy and public safety of the
neighborhood. Bicycle and pedestrian transportation groups often organize social events that benefit nearby businesses.
Recent studies have shown that roadway modifications, which increase pedestrian volumes, can result in a decline in a
neighborhood’s crime rate.1 Several cities have quantified their Road Diet’s effect on economic growth.
1 Two-Way Street Conversion: Evidence of Increased Livability in Louisville, William Riggs & John Gilderbloom, Journal of Planning
Education and Research, March 2016 vol. 36 no. 1 105-118
BEFORE OTDCYN :ceruoSAFTER
Evolution of a street: Road Diet on 9th Ave., Manhattan, NY.
safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets
safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets
M Y T H B U S T E R S
Case Studies
Indianapolis’ Cultural Trail
In 2008, the City of Indianapolis, IN, used Road Diets
to complete the 8-mile long Indianapolis Cultural
Trail that encourages biking and walking along the
cultural districts, neighborhoods, and the city’s
greenway system. The redesign brought more people
on foot and vitalized the area. Over $300 million of
new development was constructed along the route
between 2008 and 2012.2
Source: Indianapolis Cultural Trail
Brooklyn’s Vanderbilt Avenue
In New York City, Brooklyn’s Vanderbilt
Avenue saw a doubling in retail sales
in the 3 years following installation of
bicycle lanes and a tree-lined median,
significantly outperforming borough-
wide and city-wide trends.3
Source: NYSDOT
BEFORE AFTER Source: NYCDOT
Charlotte, NC
The before and after study of a Road
Diet implementation in Charlotte, NC,
indicated a $43 million increase in the
non-residential tax value of properties
fronting the East Boulevard Road Diet.4
Source: Dom Nozzi
FHWA-SA-17-019
Road Diets are a powerful traffic calming tool for urbanized areas that can help communities improve safety, nurture
lively neighborhoods, and increase local business sales. For more examples, FHWA Office of Safety developed a234
series of 24 case studies about Road Diets throughout the United States, illustrating that Road Diets can positively
impact neighborhoods.5
2 Road Diet Case Studies. Federal Highway Administration. FHWA Report No. FHWA-SA-15-052. Washington, D.C. Available at:
http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets/case_studies/roaddiet_cs.pdf.
3 The Economic Benefits of Sustainable Streets, NYCDOT. Available at: http://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/downloads/pdf/dot-economic-
benefits-of-sustainable-streets.pdf.
4 The Economic Merits of Road Diets, Dom Nozzi, 2013. Located at: https://domz60.wordpress.com/2013/03/12/the-economic-
merits-of-road-diets/.
5 Road Diet Case Studies. Federal Highway Administration. FHWA Report No. FHWA-SA-15-052. Washington, D.C. Available at:
http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets/case_studies/roaddiet_cs.pdf.
1
Route 28 Resurfacing and
Road Diet Pilot
Town of Reading Select Board
Project Update
July 21, 2020
2
Agenda
Section 1: Project Background
Section 2: Public Feedback and Revisions
Section 3: Pilot Schedule and Evaluation
Section 4: Q&A
3
Section 1:
Project Background
4
Project Team
MassDOT Highway Division
Design, Construction, and Evaluation
Howard Stein Hudson
Public Involvement
Town of Reading
Municipal Outreach and Coordination
Section 1
5
Project History
Fall 2013
•Road Safety Audit (RSA) Final Report –Route 28 at Franklin Street
Summer 2014
•Improvements to the intersection of Route 28 and Franklin Street
based on RSA recommendations
Fall 2017
•MassDOT received letter from State Legislative group regarding
poor roadway conditions on Route 28
•Road Diet Evaluation completed by Stantec
Winter 2017/18
•Meeting with Town of Reading and elected officials to discuss a
road diet on North Main Street
Fall 2018
•Project advertised for construction bids
Fall 2019
•Resurfacing work begins on South Main Street
•Meeting at the Town of Reading to re-discuss the road diet
Winter 2019/20
•Follow up road diet Meeting at the Town of Reading
Spring 2020
•Begin weekly coordination meeting with Town of Reading staff
•Resurfacing and road diet pilot work begins
Section 1
6
Purpose and Need
Average Crash Rate
3.23
Main St. Crash Rate
8.17
Crashes Within Project Area: 2016-2019
Section 1
7
Project Goals
❑Maintain a state of good repair along Route 28
❑Improve safety for people using Main Street
❑Calm vehicle traffic
❑Improve accessibility for pedestrians
❑Meet MassDOT Complete Streets and Healthy
Transportation policies
Section 1
8
Project Summary
1.Resurface roadway
2.Improve sidewalks and
crosswalks
3.Test a “road diet” on Main
Street to improve safety and
access
Section 1
9
Road Diets 101
Proven Safety Measure
–Promoted by FHWA
–Linked to FHWA funding
–FHWA studies show 19 to 47 percent reduction
in overall crash rates
Safety and Operational Benefits
–Rear-end, sideswipe, left-turn/angle, and
pedestrian and bicycle
–Fewer lanes to cross
–Allows for separated left-turns at signalized
intersections
–More consistent traffic flow
MassDOT Experience
–Implemented road diets in Wellesley, Hingham,
Boston, Newton, Watertown
Left-turn Sight Distance on
4-Lane and 3 -Lane Roads
Source: FHWA
Section 1
10
Road Diet Pilot Design
•Followed FHWA and MassDOT road diet design
standards
•Conducted analysis to compare before and after
conditions
–Compared average delays at all signalized intersections
in the project area to test feasibility of new intersections
configurations
•Adjusted design based on feedback from Town of
Reading
Section 1
11
South Main Street
Fall 2019
•Installed intermediate pavement layer
April 2020
•Installed pilot pavement markings
•Updated pavement markings
•National Grid emergency gas
work began and is expected to
conclude late July/early August
May 2020
•Updated pavement markings
•Activated video cameras
Summer 2020
•Begin curb, sidewalk, and driveway
construction
Section 1
12
North Main Street
April 2020
•Began installing intermediate
pavement layer
May 2020
•Completed intermediate pavement
layer
•Installed pilot lane markings
•Began curb, sidewalk, and driveway
construction
•Relocated video camera
Summer 2020
•Complete curb, sidewalk, and
driveway construction
Section 1
13
Section 2:
Public Input and Revisions
14
Social Distance Outreach
MassDOT
•Project Webpage
–Project info
–Project team email address
–Link to online comment form
•Social Media Posts
•Video Presentation
–1,000+ views
–Rebroadcasted on RCTV
Town of Reading
•Project Webpage
•Social Media Posts
•Reverse 911
–Sent to 20,000 residents
Section 2
15
Public Feedback
Major Themes
•Anticipated traffic impacts
•Impacts of COVID -19 on
evaluation
•Less speeding on Main Street
•Access to businesses
–Bagel World
–Dynamik Sports/Doyon’s
•Intersection configurations
–Federal Street
–Charles Street
–Forest Street
157
48
5
200+ Public Comments Received
as of July 13, 2020
Online Map Email Other
Section 2
16
Collaboration with Town Staff
•In addition to gathering input from the public, the project
team has met with Town staff on a weekly basis beginning
in February 2020.
•Input from Town staff have helped inform the project
team’s approach and pavement marking revisions.
•Presented project update to Town of Reading Parking Traffic
Transportation Task Force (PTTTF) on June 4, 2020.
Section 2
17
Pavement Marking Revisions:
Car Wash and Bagel World
Original
Revised
Section 2
18
Pavement Marking Revisions:
Dynamik Sports/Doyon’s
Original
Revised
Section 2
19
Pavement Marking Revisions:
Completed or Under Review
•Main Street approaching Summer Ave
–Painted additional merge arrows
•Artis Senior Living (1100 Main Street)
–Revised lane markings to improve driveway access
•Federal Street Intersection
–Adding left-turn lane for northbound traffic
•Charles Street Intersection
–Expanding merge area for northbound traffic
Section 2
20
Video Cameras
Section 2
21
Section 3:
Project Schedule and Evaluation
22
Project Schedule
•Purpose of pilot: Test lane markings in typical
conditions
•Pilot originally scheduled to end in September 2020
•New proposed schedule
–Continue pilot through Spring 2021
Section 3
23
Road Diet Pilot Evaluation
Driving the
Corridor
Observations
Community
Feedback
Data Analysis
Vehicle Speeds
Travel Times
Traffic Volumes
and Impacts
Driver and Pedestrian
Experience
Section 3
24
Regional Integrated Transportation
Information System (RITIS)
Section 3
25
StreetLight
Section 3
26
Next Steps
•Continue public outreach
–Provide educational resources
–Respond to questions, comments, and concerns
•Continue gathering public input
–Monitor project email address and online comment form
•Continue collecting and analyzing data
•Continue meeting weekly and coordinating with
Town staff
Section 3
27
Thank You!
Q&A
Reading
Climate Advisory Committee
July 21, 2020
1
Green Community Criteria
1.Adopt as-of-right siting for RE/AE
generation, R&D, or manufacturing
2.Adopt expedited permitting process
3.Create an Energy Reduction Plan to reduce
energy use by 20% in 5 years
4.Adopt Fuel Efficient Vehicle Purchase Policy
5.Minimize life cycle cost in new construction
→adopt the Stretch Code &
RMLD must enter the Renewable Energy Trust
2Climate Advisory Committee educates and promotes
Reading Sustainability
Town of Reading
◦Buildings
◦Food
◦Health
◦Transportation
Town of Reading in
Collaboration with RMLD
◦Clean Energy
◦Energy Efficiency
◦Electrification
3Discuss at future Select Board meeting
Hgh
Low Benefit High Benefit
High Cost/Risk High Cost/Risk
Cost /
Risk
Low Benefit High Benefit
Low Cost/Risk Low Cost/Risk
Low
Low Benefit High
Backup
4
5
6
Climate Advisory Committee
Members Associate Members
Jeffrey Everson, PhD Patti Cameron
Celeste Kracke Travis Estes
Denise McCarthy Peter MacGown
Ray Porter (Secretary)
David Zeek (Chair)
Mission Statement
The Reading Climate Advisory Committee (RCAC) is an official town advisory
committee comprised of concerned citizen volunteers seeking to achieve
environmental, economic and societal sustainability by raising public
awareness and influencing the community, including its government, to
reduce energy use and foster environmental stewardship in a cost effective
manner.