HomeMy WebLinkAbout2020-02-04 Select Board PacketDowntown Parking
Potential System Modifications
Overview for Select Board
January 21, 2020
Updated
February 4, 2020
Cross-Disciplinary Team
(PTTTF: Parking Traffic Transportation Task Force)
•Management
–Bob LeLacheur, Jean Delios
•Planning / Economic Development
–Julie Mercier, Erin Schaeffer, Andrew MacNichol
•DPW / Engineering
–Jane Kinsella, Chris Cole, Ryan Percival
•Public Safety
–PD: David Clark, Christine Amendola, Michael Scouten
–FD: Paul Jackson
Sources
•Maps & Data: Downtown Reading Parking Study –
2018 Assessment, prepared by Nelson\Nygaard
Consulting Associates, Inc.; 2019 Parking Survey
•Anecdotal Information: Stakeholder feedback at
public meetings; conversations with Police Dept.
•Philosophy & Opportunities: based on industry
practice and recommendations of Nelson\Nygaard
2018 Assessment
Tonight’s Presentation
•Recap of October 2019 Presentation
•Downtown Parking Survey – Highlights
•Opportunities
–Surgical Fixes to Discrete Problems
–Systemwide Modifications
–Implementation Decisions
•PTTTF Request of Select Board
Recap
[October 2019 Presentation]
Downtown Area:
~50 acres = < 0.1 square mile
~25 ‘city blocks’
~1/2 mile end to end
2 dozen ways of regulating parking
What is the User Experience?
Current Parking System User Experience / Perception
Spaces categorized/regulated
by user type or permit type
Not enough spaces for each
specific user or permit type
More permits issued than
spaces allocated to them
Frustration that permit does
not guarantee space
Permits issued to recurring
businesses & early birds
Not enough permits; new
businesses feel excluded
Time Limitations / Restrictions Need to leave or move car
Multitude of Regulations,
some very specific
Confusing and frustrating;
hard to adhere to or enforce
NB: User refers to resident, business owner, employee, visitor – in general terms.
Opportunities for Consideration
Philosophy Opportunity
Expand Access:
Align Supply with Demand;
Simplify System
1. Regulate spaces first by
Time, then by User/Permit
2. Reduce/adapt regulations*
3. Abolish leasing
Level Permit ‘Playing Field’1. Increase # of permits*
2. Cap # per business, at first
3. Expand locations for
employee parking*
Empower versus Penalize
[i.e. Pay to Stay vs. Ticket]
1. Adjust time limits*
2. Add payment kiosks to
public lots*
* Recommended in 2018 Nelson Nygaard Study
Oct 2019 Select Board Action:
•NO CHANGES FOR JANUARY 1ST
•Allowed the Police Department to issue semi-
annual permits (Jan 1st – June 30
th) to give
the PTTTF time to gather additional data and
do further study of opportunities.
Additional Data to be Gathered
•Allocation vs. Use of Spaces:
–# of spaces vs. # of passes sold
–Use of spaces by User Type / Permit Type*
•Business Specific Data:
–# of employees on largest shift
–Average length of customer visit
–Where do employees park if permit spaces taken?
•‘Increasing’ Supply
–Where can employee parking be expanded?*
–Where can additional parking be added to supply?*
•Regulatory Changes
–Impacts of adapting existing regulations
–Pricing for & logistics of implementing payment kiosks*
–Adjusting hours & time limits*
* Recommended in 2018 Nelson Nygaard Study
Downtown Parking Survey
Survey Highlights
•Dates Open: Nov 18 – Dec 16
•Distributed: email, website, in person
Staff spoke in person with 55 businesses
•Total Responses: 52
(business/property owners, managers, employees)
•Responses from Individual Businesses: 47
~30% of downtown businesses responded
Employee Data
•Employees Per Business
–Median: 5 to 9
–Average: 6.4 to 9.5
70% of respondents have fewer than 10 employees
•Employees During Busiest Time of Operation
–Median: 1 to 4
–Average: 4.6 to 8.0
50% of respondents have fewer than 4 employees at the busiest time
•Typical Length of Employee Shift
–Median: 8 hours
–Average: 10+ hours
75% of respondents have a typical shift of 8+ hours
Employee Permit Program
•71% of respondents familiar with Employee Permit Program
BUT less than 50% of respondents use it
9 didn’t know about it, 8 didn’t need it, 5 couldn’t get any permits
Other: too expensive, not guaranteed, don’t want to walk w/stuff
•Employee Permits
First column low b/c less than 50% of respondents use program
Second column adjusted
Capping between 5-10 per business should cover most businesses
Purchased
(All Respondents)
Purchased
(Only Participants)Needed
None 5 to 9 1 to 4
2.4 to 4.2 4.8 to 8.3 4.3 to 6.6
Median
Employee Permits
Average
Employee Permit Program
•87% of respondents think Employee Permit Program should be improved or expanded:
–Make more spaces available to employees
–Add more flexibility on parking locations
–Describe program, locations, regulations, fees, etc. better
–Increase number of permits
–Allow employees to use Town Hall lot on Fridays and Weekends
–Don’t allow 4 Hour spaces in lots to be used by employees
–Add spaces for the public and patrons of businesses, not for employees
–Don’t expand the program for employees at the expense of customers
–Price permit more reasonably
–Offer permits mid-year for new businesses
–Don’t block spaces for event set-up
–Don’t allow construction workers to take up spaces
–Purchase private property for parking lot or build parking garage
–Designate 1 space per business
–Create centralized location for employee parking
Where do Employees Park?
•Without Employee Permit:
45% of respondents still use public lots and public on-street spaces
•With or Without Employee Permit:
Other: in front of Town Hall, behind former Walgreens, Elliott St, Village St,
Chapin Ave, Main St
Answer Choices
Off-Street Parking on Private Property 29.27% 12
Haven Street 24.39% 10 Employee Permit section of Haven, or in Public 2 Hr section and moving every 2 hrs?
Woburn Street 21.95% 9 Strengthens case for expanding employee parking on Woburn
Upper Haven Street Public Parking Lot (CVS Lot) 17.07% 7 Need to move car every 4 hrs, or potentially these employees work <4 hour shifts?
Gould Street 12.20% 5 Proposal is to move employee parking off of Gould
Pleasant Street 12.20% 5 Strengthens case for expanding employee parking on Pleasant, but consider Senior Center
Lowell Street 7.32% 3 Proposal is to make this Public 2 Hr or Employee Permit
Brande Court Public Parking Lot (Old Atlantic Lot) 7.32% 3 Need to move car every 4 hrs, or potentially these employees work <4 hour shifts?
Ash Street 4.88% 2 Unregulated area or moving car every 2 hrs?
MBTA Train Station - High Street 4.88% 2 Low usage by respondents strengthens case for changing regulations in this location
Harnden Street Public Parking Lot 2.44% 1
MBTA Parking Lot 0.00% 0
Other (please specify) 11
Responses
Opportunities
Surgical Fixes to Discrete Problems
1. Leasing Program
Action: Abolish it
•Details: 58 public spaces leased to 10 different private entities
•Locations: High Street (41), Brande Court Lot (4), Harnden Street (13)
•Survey: 70% of respondents don’t lease, ~50% don’t need/want any
•Why: Eliminates ‘privatization of public space’, increases public supply
2. Pleasant Street Center Lot
Action: Change to “Pleasant Street Center Parking” (a la Town Hall Lot)
•Why: Lot has many different regulations, can be simplified
3. Overnight Exceptions
Action: Remove them all No Overnight Parking allowed
•Locations: Pleasant Street Center, Harnden Yard, Brande Court
•Why: Challenges if cars not moved in morning
Surgical Fixes to Discrete Problems
4. Resident Community Access Sticker
Action 1: Eliminate FREE option
•Details: 70 free permits given out in 2019, available to residents with posted Resident restriction along their property frontage
all but 2 impacted properties have dedicated off-street parking
•Utilization: hard to tell if spaces are used by downtown residents or by other residents who park downtown to use commuter rail or to work
it’s unclear exactly why people need/want these permits, but the option to buy them will still be available
OVERALL this action is less critical if you agree to remove Resident Only regulations in Downtown North (see Systemwide Modifications)
Action 2: Unbundle it into Commuter Permit and Compost Permit
•Details: 850+ total resident permits issued in 2019
More information is needed before Action 2 is taken
Systemwide Modifications
1. Focus is Downtown North
2. No Changes to Downtown South
3. Let the Mapping & Data Tell the Story
•Regulatory Maps
•Utilization Data
•Survey Data
4. Capitalize on Existing Framework
•Maintain but modify existing regulated areas
•Formalize additional areas/spaces only as needed
5. Make Small Changes with Big Impact
Geography
INNER CORE (orange)
OUTER CORE (pink)
User / Component Pros Considerations
PUBLIC
Provides more spaces for
short-term users &
empowers longer-term users
to pay-to-stay. Cost
escalation will disincentivize
employees from parking in
lot all day.
(1) Inner Core changed to
"Public 2 HR" or "Public 30 Min"
in some areas / (2) Kiosks put in
CVS & Brande Court Lots - no
time limit, but cost escalation
after 4 hours^
Need to discuss
timeframe for
regulations. Could be
limited: 10:00 AM - 4:00
PM or more broad: 8:00
AM - 6:00 PM or
something in between.
Changes
Defined as: Area bounded by
Woburn/Main/High*
Defined as: Streets emanating 1-
2 blocks outward from Inner
Core**
Regulations: All streets changed to "Public 2 Hr" or
"Public 30 Min"; remove "Resident Only" and
"Employee Permit" areas; "No Parking" areas will
remain; Payment Kiosks added to CVS & Brande Ct
Lots; 9-11 Gould St permit remains
Regulations: All streets changed to "Public 2 Hr or All
Day with Employee Permit"; remove "Resident Only"
areas; Add/formalize spaces east of Main on Green &
Bolton, and north of Woburn on Linden & Sanborn; "No
Parking" areas will remain
LEASING
EMPLOYEES
RESIDENTS
COMMUTERS
(1) Redistribute Employee
Parking to Outer Core / (2)
Expand Areas where Employees
can park / (3) Increase # of
Employee Permits available / (4)
Offer Employee Permits for FREE
(1) "Resident Only" (residents or
resident commuters) & Town-
controlled Commuter parking
relocated out of Downtown
North / (2) Unbundle Commuter
Permit from Community Access
Permit
Abolish Program & Re-allocate
spaces: High Street (41) = "Public
2 Hr or All Day with Employee
Permit" / Brande Court (4) =
public (kiosk) / Harnden/Union
(13) = Police Dept?
(1) Remove "Resident Only"
regulation in Inner Core / (2)
Price Community Access Permit
competitively w/MBTA pricing /
(3) 9-11 Gould Street permit
remains / (4) No Changes to
Downtown South / (5) Eliminate
FREE Community Access Permit
Spaces will be available to
short-term users of all types,
but not to commuters b/c of
2 Hr restriction. (Community
Access "loophole" will be
closed in Downtown North.)
Makes sense for all-day
users to park further out.
Anyone who wants to park
closer can pay in lot.
Town will need to assess
lighting and safety, and
may want to
stripe/formalize parking
spaces on some streets
(i.e. Bolton)
Community Access
"loophole" will be closed in
Downtown North. All-day
parkers will be relocated out
of Downtown North to free
up spaces.
Commuters will still be
able to park in
Downtown South or in
MBTA lots.***
Eliminates single user spaces
& 'adds' supply to system.
Removes 'privatization of
public spaces'.
Residents who want to
park on-street will be
able to outside of
regulated hours.
Regulated hours need to
be determined.
[SCENARIO based on STATED PHILOSOPHY]
Implementation Decisions
1. Employee Permit spaces redistributed & expanded
–Details: PD issues ~145 permits for ~120 spaces
–Field Inventory: # of spaces could increase from ~120 to ~330
•Number of permits could issued could double
–Locations for lighting & safety improvements: still under review
Decision 1A: fee or no fee for employee permit?
Decision 1B: formalize (stripe) spaces on side streets?
2. Timeframe for All On-Street Regulations
Decision 2: limited (10:00-4:00) or broad (8:00-6:00)?
Implementation Decisions
3. Kiosks in Public Lots (CVS & Brande Court)*
–Types:
Decision 3A: Pay-by-Plate or Pay-by-Space?
–Timeframe for Regulations / Time Limits:
Decision 3B: start later (10:00-6:00) or all day (8:00-6:00)?
In either case, consider allowing first 15 mins free
Decision 3C: time limit or no time limit?
If no time limit, consider escalating price after 4 hours
–Recommended Pricing Strategy:
First 15 mins FREE, Up to 4 hours: $1 per hour, 4+ hours: $2 per hour
Decision 3D: adopt this strategy or explore other options?
*See memo from Nelson Nygaard, dated 1/29/20
Implementation Decisions
3. Kiosks in Public Lots (CVS & Brande Court)…Cont’d*
If Town implements kiosks, it’s important we also:
–Establish a Parking Benefit District
–Invest in License Plate Recognition (LPR) technology for
enforcement
–Use Mobile Apps consistent with nearby towns
(i.e. ParkMobile, PayByPhone, etc.)
Staff can provide more information on all of these
*See memo from Nelson Nygaard, dated 1/29/20
PTTTF Request of Select Board:
•Discuss & Solicit Public Input On:
Surgical Fixes to Discrete Problems
Systemwide Modifications
Implementation Decisions
Thank You
Other Resources
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Road Segment From:To:
Consultant Field
Lowell Street Woburn Street Main Street 17 25
Sanborn Street Haven Street Woburn Street 18 13
Linden Street Haven Street Woburn Street 15 20
Chute Street Haven Street Woburn Street 18 8
High Street Washington Street Woburn Street 126 124
112 107
Haven Street Main Street High Street 102 84 19 spaces double counted by consultant
Gould Street Haven Street Ash Street 19 20
Green Street Ash Street High Street 21 21
Ash Street Main Street Green Street 18 12
Harnden Street Main Street Union Street 10 9
Main Street Washington Street Union Street 52 44
73 61 private parking counted by consultant
Inner Core Total:601 548
Road Segment From:To:
Consultant Field
Goodall Sanford Main Street 128 Marketplace 25 26
Bolton Street Main Street end 33 20 consultant counted parking on both sides, road can only support one-sided parking
Green Street Main Street Elliott Street 25 13 consultant counted parking on both sides, road can only support one-sided parking
Chapin Avenue Main Street Elliott Street 19 14
Haven Street Main Street Elliott Street 14 13
Pleasant Street Main Street Middle Street 30 21
Woburn Street Lowell Street High Street 84 52 consultant potentially counted a no parking area
High Street Woburn Street Vine Street 54 51
Chute Street Mount Vernon Street Woburn Street 18 13
Bancroft Avenue Mount Vernon Street Woburn Street 11 6
Linden Street Lowell Street Woburn Street 50 30 consultant counted parking on both sides, road can only support one-sided parking
Sanborn Street Lowell Street Woburn Street 30 32
Lowell Street Sanborn Street Woburn Street 27 27
Salem Street Lowell Street Main Street 9 9
Outer Core Total:429 327
1030 875
Downtown Reading Parking Study - Parking Space Inventory Confirmed by Town Engineering Division - January 2020
*Note: in the non-striped areas the space count
becomes approximate based on how tightly the cars
may or may not park; field estimates are conservative
Inner & Outer Cores Total:
No. of Parking Spaces
No. of Parking Spaces
Outer Core*
Inner Core*
Parking Lot (behind 30 Haven) = Brande Court Lot
Parking Lot (behind CVS) = CVS Lot
77 FRANKLIN STREET 10TH FLOOR BOSTON, MA 02110 617-521-9404 FAX 617-521-9409
www.nelsonnygaard.com
M E M O R A N D U M
To: Julie Mercier, Town of Reading
From: Matt Smith
Date: January 29, 2020
Subject: Parking Kiosk Recommendations
The below memorandum outlines several parking payment options and recommendations for use
in Reading, starting in the Town’s municipal lot(s).
Payment Equipment and Costs
Payment kiosks would provide the best option for on-site payment within Reading’s public
parking lot(s). Kiosks provide payment options (cash and card payment), require less
maintenance than standard or smart meters, and create less visual clutter.Given the number of
spaces and layout of the lot(s), two kiosks (in each) would provide sufficient coverage.
Kiosk costs are generally comparable to purchasing standard meters (when installation costs are
included), and more cost effective than smart meters. Based on pricing sheets provided through
the Metropolitan Area Planning Council’s (MAPC) Collective Purchasing website, kiosks (solar
powered or hard-wired) generally cost in the $10,000 to $12,000 range per unit, with some
models priced higher. We would recommend units that at a minimum accept coins, bills, and card
payments, provide a digital display (easier to see and to provide additional information) and that
include internal lighting. Units without internal lighting are difficult to read at night.
Kiosks can be procured through the MAPC’s Collective Purchasing program. MAPC has
negotiated lower rates as part of a statewide group procurement process, allowing municipalities
to purchase units at a discount without going to bid. For example, Parkeon’s multi-space meter
(i.e. kiosk) – solar of hard-wired – accepting coins, bills, cards and with a small display screen
runs $11,600 per unit under the program. All models from various vendors including ITS, IPS and
offer units at similar costs.
For a list of all available units, see https://www.mapc.org/our-work/services-for-cities-
towns/public-works-collective-purchasing-program/#parkingpaymentsystems
Recommendation: Hard-wired (electric) kiosk from Parkeon or IPS.
Hard-wired kiosks have a slight edge as these units are more reliable in cold weather. However,
newer solar units have improved performance, so given the reduction in costs to install (no
electricity is needed) and to operate (no electricity is needed), solar is a good, green option. There
is no or little difference in unit cost, but ongoing costs are less for solar.
Recommendation: Allocate $15,000 per kiosk, including installation costs.
Installation costs include labor and materials for a concrete pad where unit is located, electrician
costs (if wired), and shelters (optional).
[NAME OF DOCUMENT] | VOLUME
[Client Name]
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates Inc. | 2
Installation Timeframe
Based on a discussion with a Municipal Parking Manager, kiosks are typically shipped and
installed within 6-8 weeks; however, timeframes may shift depending on availability and orders.
Kiosk installation costs – of the unit itself – is typically included in the cost. Other costs –
concrete pad, electric conduit connection, etc. – is the responsibility of the municipality.
Payment Options
Pay-by-Plate vs. Pay-by-Space
Recommendation: Pay-by-Plate should be used for parking payment sessions.
Kiosks allow pay by space and pay by plate options. Pay by Plate is recommended for several
reasons.
- Pay-by-plate is more cost effective. There is no need to number individual spaces – signs
or paint, which requires frequent upkeep.
- Pay-by-plate can be used to track user patterns, for example, how often a specific car
parks in the lot, and for how long.
- Pay-by-plate can be used for virtual (license plate based) permits and LPR (license plate
recognition) enforcement should the Town procure systems in the future.
Free Parking Allocation
Given that paid parking is new to Downtown Reading, allowing a short period of free parking, as
well as a grace period at the end of each session, is recommended. Free parking should be
directed towards short-term, convenience parking sessions. For example, someone running into a
café for coffee pick-up or into the pharmacy quickly.
Recommendation: Provide 15-minutes of free parking for each session. Free
parking still requires entering license plate into the kiosk (or parking app – see next
section).
Additionally, proving an automatic grace period at the end of each paid session sho uld be
considered, so as not to punitively punish those who are unintentionally delayed, and go over the
time allotted by a few minutes. Such programs help to reduce enforcement fear.
Recommendation: Institute a 5-minute grace period that automatically extends the
paid time by 5-minutes to reduce likelihood of receiving a ticket within minutes of a
session ending.
Pricing Strategy
Among the most successful ways to encourage parking turnover is pricing. Given that the two
Town owned lots serve a variety of user types, providing the option to park for different periods of
time, even all-day should be allowed (if parkers are willing to pay for it.
Recommendation: Implement graduated pricing, where the base hourly rate ($1.00 per hour)
increases for anyone parking more than 4 hours (e.g. $2 per hour).
[NAME OF DOCUMENT] | VOLUME
[Client Name]
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates Inc. | 3
Hourly Parking Fee Breakdown
- First 15-minutes: Free
- Up to 4 hours: $1 per hour
- 4 or more hours: $2 per hour.
Parking Applications
Parking applications add convenience for parkers. Many communities already incorporate
parking applications, which have proven popular with many users. Parking applications not only
provide user convenience, they also provide important data about parking patterns and user
behavior, but also provide additional services (typically included in the base package) such as
Parking Validation options allowing individual businesses and/or organizations to set up
individual accounts and pay for their customers’ parking. Parking applications can also be used to
manage permit systems (by plate).
There are several options available to communities. Among the most used by local municipalities
are ParkMobile (Somerville), Passport Labs (Boston, Cambridge, Brookline, Salem, and more)
and PayByPhone. Any of these platforms should be considered.
Parking App contract costs may be paid in full by the municipality, the user (parker, with a fee) or
a combination.
Recommendation: Contract with a parking application vendo r before launching
payment.
Parking Benefit District
Parking Benefit Districts (PBDs) provide a mechanism in which to designate all parking revenues
within a defined district – in this case, Downtown Reading – to improve the parking system
within that district. Parking district improvements include but are not limited to parking
equipment and maintenance, staffing (e.g. enforcement), infrastructure improvements (roadway,
sidewalk, bicycle projects), public transit; wayfinding and signage, and more. All the above effect
the parking system by improving facilities, managing parking demand, and more.
Establishing a PBD before parking fees are established is recommended. The funds to be collected
under a new system are net new revenues and do not impact existing budget allocations. Further,
by advertising that all parking revenues directly go to fund infrastructure and beautification
projects in the downtown district, users will see and experience the results.
The Town of Arlington adopted the first PBD in Massachusetts. Funds from new parking meters
are used to pay for improvements to public parking lots near Mass Ave, including lighting to
improve visibility and user safety.
Recommendation: Establish a Parking Benefits District as part of the introduction
of priced parking.