HomeMy WebLinkAbout2012-02-16 RMLD Citizens Advisory Board Minutes r RECEIVED.
TOWN CLERK
READING, MA.
CITIZENS'ADVISORY BOARD(CA1119 JUL 30 AM 9: 51
MEETING MINUTES
Regular Session
TIME: 7:02 P.M.
DATE: Thursday, February 15,2012
PLACE: Reading Municipal Light Department(RMLD)230 Ash Street, Reading, MA,
Winfred Spuff/AV Room
PRESENT: CAB: A.Carakatsane, Chairman(Lynnfield),J.Norton, Secretary(North Reading)G.
Hooper(Wilmington),T.Capobianco(Reading),T.011ila(Wilmington)
RMLD Board of Commissioners: R.Hahn, Chairman,R.Soli
RMLD Staff: V. Cameron,P.O'Leary, J. Parenteau,W.Seldon,J. Carpenter
GUEST(S): Michele Benson
1. Call Meeting to Order
Secretary Norton called the meeting to order at 7:02 p.m. (Chairman Carakalsane had not yet arrived.)
2. Minutes of Meeting—January 5,2012
Mr.Hooper made a motion seconded by Mr. 011ila to accept the minute of the January 5, 2012 meeting as written.
Motion carted:4:0:0.(Chairman Caraketsane was not present at this time.)
Note: Agenda items were taken out of order.
4. Executive Session
Executive Session was not held.
5. Strategic Power Supply Plan—Annual Power Supply RFP(Request for Proposals)
Ms. Parenteau referred to the memo dated February 13, 2012 to the General Manager from Ms. Parenteau and
Mr. Seldon regarding RMLD's Strategic Power Supply Plan that involves the laddering and layering approach.
She commented this is the fifth year that ESD(Energy Services Division) has gone out for pricing. She explained
that every year the ESD looks ahead four years and estimates where the load is going to be both on peak and off
peak. A portion of that load is maintained in the spot market, and the ESD then looks to fill the gaps by
considering long term contracts, renewable contracts, energy efficiency, and then roll it into the RMLD's current
portfolio. Ms. Parenteau referred to the table entitled "RMLD Proposed Power Contract Tfinefine", which shows
the four year period, January 2013 through December 2016, that the ESD is currently forecasting. She explained
that the first two lines indicate the kW amounts that have already been subscribed with various power suppliers.
Although last year ESD did not go out until June, they would like to take advantage of the of the ten year low gas
prices. When looking at indicative pricing for this amount, the average cost of the four year period came to
$45/MWh as opposed to last years pricing, $55/MWh. ESD plans to use the same approach as in the past and go
out fa Indicative bids using the RFP process. Ms. Parenteau stated that not only pricing is considered when
looking at the contracts, but also the various differences between the contracts, i.e., credit support, default
provisions,environmental responsibility,etc.
Mr. 011ila asked about the terms of these contracts. Ms. Parenteau responded that the RFP indicates that the
ESD is able to select a contract with a minimum of a 12 month period, however, in the past they have selected
one supplier for the four year tern.
Mr.011ila asked if gas prices went back up,would the contract prices be fixed, Ms. Parenteau responded that two
different products are requested: 1. Firm Pricing,where the price is locked in for the four year period; and 2. Heat
Rate Index Pricing, where the prices given are a fixed index, which gives the ESD the flexibility to lock In gas
when it is economical to do so.
i
Cibzens'Advisory Board Meeting Minutes 2
February 16,2012
Mr. Capobianco asked if a four year contract is two years fixed and two years open ended, is there an opt out
clause? Ms. Parenteau replied, "No." She added that these contracts commit the RMLD to these power
suppliers, and explained the heal rate index further. Ms. Parenteau and Mr. Seldon, through a service contract,
monitor daily gas forecasts and trends in the market.
Mr. Capobianco questioned if the WILD is exposed to an Irresponsible supplier. Ms. Parenteau replied, "No."
She added that the suppliers have to post credit and most of them have Investment grade ratings. If they don't
have ratings,then they would have to post collateral.
Mr. 011ila asked If the RMLD has an idea of what percentage of its supply Is natural gas fuel, and has it changed
significantly recently.
Ms. Parenteau responded, "No'. She said that New England is geared on natural gas, which drives the electricity
market as opposed to oil. Mr. Seldon said that they have a pie chart that shows how the fuel is split up, and
j would have it sent to the CAB.
i Mr. Capobianco asked how future estimates of consumption are made. Ms. Parenteau said that ESD has a
database where they get hourly data. She then explained the process used to make the estimates.
Secretary Norton recognized the Chairman of the Board of Commissioners, Mr. Hahn, and asked if he had any
questions.
Mr. Hahn verified that ESD is asking for permission to go out and purchase the kWhs shown in yellow on the
chart both on and off peak. Ms. Parenteau responded,"yes". He asked If this were Just energy,no capacity,and
Ms.Parenteau that was correct.
Mr. Hahn asked that If in 2013 the ESD bought these amounts (on the chart)on an annual basis,what percentage
of the annual kWhs would come from the Spot Market. Ms. Parenteau replied approximately 25%over the year.
Note: It was decided to hold the motion until Chairman Carakatsane arrived.
Mr. Norton called for a ten minute recess at 7:20 P.M.
Chairman Carakab ane arrived at 7:30 P.M.and reconvened the meeting.
Mr. Norton made the following motion seconded by Mr.Hooper:
MOVE that the Reading Municipal Light Department Citizens' Advisory Board (CAB)
recommend to the RMLD Board of Commissioners to authorize the General Manager to execute
one or more Power Supply Agreements in accordance with the RMLD's Strategic Power Supply
Plan for power supply purchases for a period not to exceed 2013 througb 2016 and in amounts
not to exceed 28 MW in 2013,22 MW in 2014,21 MW in 2015, and 20 MW in 2016 as
presented by the General Manager and Staff.
Motion carried 5:0:0.
3. Renewable Energy Certificates(RECs)
Chairman Carakatsane stated that this discussion can come up anytime either for discussion or a motion to
reconsider the prior vote if brought up by a member on the prevailing side of the vote.
Mr.Norton asked what Chairman Carekatsene's thought were on voting?
Citizens'Advisory Board Meeting Minutes 3
February 16, 2012
Chairman Carekatsene replied that if the issue is re-opened, there would be no final vote tonight. He anticipates
that the CAB will have a regular meeting for the various department updates the first half of March, and if the
issue comes up again, then the final vote would be at that March meeting.
Mr. Norton asked what the Chair's thoughts were on meeting with the respective Boards of Selectmen either
individually or as a Board prior to taking a formal vote.
Chairman Carakatsane stated that it is his understanding that the Boards of Selectmen saw no need to be here
tonight. He added that the four Town Managers/Administrators met recently, and It was his impression that the
Boards would meet Individually with its CAB representative. Chairman Carakatsane met with his Board
yesterday, and Mr. Norton noted his Board attended the last Board of Cornmissioners meeting, and spoke with
Mr. Norton thereafter. Mr. Hooper has spoken to the Town Manager also. Mr. 011ila has not had a chance to
speak directly to the Town Manager of Selectmen, but has spoken to Mr. Hooper regarding feedback. Mr.
Capobianco has not met with the Town Manager or Board of Selectmen yet.
Chairman Carakatsane stated that there was a desire to call this meeting tonight by members of the CAB, and to
bring up this issue again. He added that by not having a vote, it will give the various members time to take their
thoughts and issues back to their Boards in the Interim and then come back for another meeting and final vote.
Mr. Hooper made a motion seconded by Mr. Norton to reconsider the vote made by the CAB at Its January 5,
2012 meeting regarding the Renewable Energy Certificates(RECs).
Mr. Hooper stated that the reason for reconsideration is that more details have come to light, and that he believes
in renewable energy, but his thoughts also are that the monies that are available from the RECs can be put to an
appropriate use. He added that as a member of the CAB he represents the ratepayers of Wilmington.
Chairman Carakatsane called upon each CAB member for his thoughts on the issue.
Mr. 011ila said that he definitely agrees the issue warrants reconsideration with no vote tonight, so that everyone
has a chance to get together with his Board of Selectmen and/or FinCom people. Items he would like to discuss
tonight are the options, if the decision is reversed, as to what to do with any money that the RMLD eams from the
RECs.
Mr.Norton and Mr.Capobianco agreed with Mr.011ila and Mr, Hooper,
Chairman Carakatsane celled for the vote on the motion reconsider the issue, and stated they would then launch
into discussion.
Motion carried 5:0:0.
Chairman Carakatsane called on the staff to begin discussion.
Mr. Cameron stated that with respect to the money, the RECs are part of the bundled rate from Swift River, and
charged as an expense through the Fuel Charge to the customers(a pass through). The customers pay the Fuel
Charge, which pays for the RECs. He would say that any money received from the sale of RECs would be
credited against the Fuel Charge.
Mr.Hooper asked If that would Just be for Swift River,and Mr.Cameron replied that 1t would be for any RECs.
Mr. Hooper asked if the monies from the sale of these RECs could be utilized for another program. Mr. Cameron
responded that If the RECs are sold, the money would have to be credited back to the Fuel Charge, and whatever
the Board directed him to do, he could do it through the operating budget. He noted from his point of view any
money from the sale of RECs would have to be credited against the Fuel Charge.
Citizens'Advisory Board Meeting Minutes 4
February 16,2012
Chairman Caraketsane commented that a similar size of money could be budgeted through the regular budgetary
process to do certain actions,so that the end result to the ratepayer is a zero difference. Mr. Cameron responded
that could be done now.
Mr. Hooper stated that could be a"green"program.
Chairman Carakatsane asked If the conservation charge ($600,000 annually) that is currently collected is
segregated on the books. Mr. Cameron responded that it is in a separate account, as is the expenditures.
Chairman Carakatsane asked in theory, could an amount be budgeted additional to that account. Mr. Cameron
stated that it could be done by Increasing the energy conservation charge. Chairman Carakatsane asked If it
could be done through a regular budget item. Mr. Cameron explained that part of the budget Is revenues, so if
something were to be added to the RMLD's budget process with respect to a renewable project, it would have to
be either capital or expense. He gave an example of putting solar panels on the RMLD's office building would
probably be a capital project,which means it would go into the capital budget. He believes that revenues would
Come from the energy conservation charge, and then be applied to a capital project. He said that the money is
fungible that comes In through the base rates. It pays for capital projects and expenses. It would have to be
shown as a separate line item. He thinks the money can be used from the energy conservation charge to buy
renewable energy equipment,but would defer to the Accounting/Business Manager on this issue.
Mr. 011ila asked if the money could only be used for capital projects, or could it be expense projects loo. Mr.
Cameron stated that it depends on what Is done with energy conservation charge money. He added that most of
it is expensed. He noted that since 2008 and through the end of 2011, the energy conservation charge has taken
In$1.6 and the Department has spent$1.5.
Mr. Capobianco understands applying the money toward the Fuel Charge if the vote were to change. He stated
there already is a budget for energy efficiencies, i.e., the Energy Efficiency Engineer, and asked if the money
Could be applied to further intensify programs, i.e., to expand home efficiencies tests, to subsidize blower door
tests, etc., for the ratepayer. He added that instead of a solar panel project, perhaps have an annual lottery
where an expert comes to the home to conduct a blower dow test and make recommendations on how to make
the home more efficient,which would be a more tangible effect, and everyone realize the benefits.
Mr. Cameron stated that the Department budgets are based on what the activity will be, i.e.,energy audits for the
residential sector that are free of charge. He added that the Department tries to gauge what the activity will be on
an annual basis. Mr. Cameron said that with the approximate$600,000 annually received from the Conservation
charge of which salaries, the residential and commercial programs such as audits, renewable energy projects,
and commercial lighting come out of, the Department gauges the activity pretty well. If a large project is
requested, i.e., solar panels, the project would be presented to the Board as part of the budget process. It would
be placed in the capital budget and an Increase in the energy conservation budget could pay for it.
Mr. Norton said that he would like to explore Wellesley's Program whereby they keep a percentage and sell the
rest, and asked If the staff were familiar with the program. He stated that the Chairman of the North Reading
Board of Selectmen is looking at that as a possible compromise plan. He noted that a member of the public at the
January 5,2012 meeting spoke about the program.
Mr. Hahn responded that Mr. John Arena, Candidate for a Board of Selectmen seat, stated that Wellesley
Municipal Light Plant has some kind of green choice program that uses the RECs to ensure that green energy is
available and that they have enough green energy to supply it.
Mr. Norton asked if there were anyone on staff who Could get the Information. Mr. Cameron responded that he
would talk to Wellesley.
Cltlzens'Advisory Board Meeting Minutes 5
February 16, 2012
Chairman Carakatsane asked if there is any legal reason why the RMLD cannot buy its own RECs with that
money. Mr. Cameron clarified that what Chairman Carakatsane meant is to take the Green Choice money and
use the RECs acquired from RMLD's power supply and apply those RECs to the Green Choice Program. Mr.
Cameron responded that it has been discussed at the Power and Rate Committee meetings, but no decision was
made. Chairman Carakatsane stated that when it was brought up at the Joint meeting on January 5, 2012,one or
two people disagreed with the suggestion; however,he did not hear a legal reason why it could not be done.
Mr. 011ila asked for clarification. Chairman Carakatsane explained that with the Green Choice Program presently,
the Department takes the money,goes out in the market, buys RECs,and then retires them. He added that since
the Department has its own RECs sitting there, why not use these RECs for the Green Choice Program, and
retire them.
Mr. 011ila asked what the relative amount of money Is. Chairman Carakatsane said that at the last meeting, it
came out that it is a very small amount.
Mr. Cameron stated that the information would be supplied.
Chairman Carakatsane asked when Concord Steam would come on line. Ms. Parenteau responded 2013.
Mr. 011ila questioned if Concord Steam is still on. Ms. Parenteau replied that they have their permits, they are
looking at various financing scenarios, and they have begun construcllon.
Chairman Carakatsane noted that the RMLD was recently awarded a grant from the Metropolitan Area Planning
Council (MAPC). MAPC will work with the RMLD planning long-range energy efficiency and renewable energy
work In the four towns that RMLD serves. Chairman Carakatsane commented that it Is his understanding that it is
a great grant, but there is no money available for Implementation of a plan. Mr. Carpenter explained that the
MAPC will work with each town and come up with a sustainable plan. The main purpose is to focus first on
municipal buildings and set up achievable goals that the towns went to reach.
Chairman Carakatsane said that the goal is for planning and coming up with a strategy; however,the Towns need
to come up with the money. Chairman Carakatsane said that he thinks that comparable money from selling the
RECs would be a great source to subsidize that type of a plan. Mr. Carpenter wanted to make it clear that there
are many steps to do before money Is needed, and will first look at what can be done with no money.
Mr. Capobianco asked how long until the Municipals are required by law, as are the IOU's (independent System
Operators) to retire RECs. Mr. Cameron responded that there is a municipalization bill that is presently in the
Ways and Means Committee, and riders were added to the bill that took away the municipal exemptions, one of
them was the RPS (Renewable Portfolio Standard). Mr. Cameron believes that at some point municipals will
come under an RPS, but he does not know when. He added that with the vole taken It is a moot point now.
Mr. Capobianco asked about the municipal lobbying power, and tf municipals want to voluntarily succumb to an
RPS, Mr. Cameron responded that the RMLD does not employ a lobbyist, but that MEAM (Municipal Electric
Association of Massachusetts)has a lobbyist. He has not heard of any municipals who want to voluntarily come
under an RPS. Mr. Cameron added that the distinction is that IOUs are largely governed by their stockholders,
whereas municipals have customers. He thinks that customers want different things with respect to the
operations of a plant than stockholders do in the operations of an IOU.
Mr. Sal! mentioned the discussion about using the Green Choice dollars to buy RMLD RECs. He stated that his
impression from the last meeting was that at least one member of the Board was not in favor of that. Chairman
Carakatsane stated that he does have a difference of opinion on the matter, and is not sure that it could even be
done.
Chairman Carakatsane understands that he took a different position on this issue, and one point he would like to
make is that the CAB members are representatives of their communities. He has a clear mandate from Lynnfleld
Citizens'Advisory Board Meeting Minutes 6
February 16,2012
that he should be advocating for the community,which he said is quite consistent with where he was before. He
added that as much as the CAB is a board, they are still representative of their community and need to so vote or
go and convince their community as to why their particular own view is different from theirs. He noted that with
Swift River, the RMLD is purchasing power from a renewable energy source, no matter what it is called. Any
other label Is semantics. The RMLD Is not under an RPS, and he does not find that as an argument. He believes
there is fiscal responsibility here. It is the ratepayers' money. If the RECs are sold a fund should be set up to
promote renewable programs. He noted other communities (Wellesley and Concord) are doing just that. It
should be part of the budgetary process with an annual review,and some amount should be budgeted in expense
and/or capital. He feels this is a significant opportunity to pass up, particularly with grant money doing all the
planning.
Mr. Hahn asked if there is a decision to sell the RECS what is going to be done with the money. Chairman
Ceralketsane responded that a recommendation may be to sell a certain percentage and to keep some.
It was mentioned Concord Steam, a wood burning plant, may not qualify as renewable under the standards,
because there is an active movement that wood burning is not renewable.
Mr. Hooper stated that the decision basically comes down to the Citizens'Advisory Board, and his responsibility
to Wilmington is to do what's in the best interest of the community. He added that although the CAB may speak
from the heart on some issues,they have to think about the community at hand fiscally.
Mr. 011ila agreed and thought there was good discussion tonight. He added that they still need to talk to some
people who were not present at the meeting,and at the next meeting make a decision and move on.
Mr. Norton stated that he agreed with Messrs. Hooper and 011ila, that while some votes may come from the heart,
it does boil down to fiscal responsibility. He said that he thought this was going to be a routine matter, and
subsequently the issue has seemed to take on a whole world of its own. Members of his Board have asked why
he did not bring It to them originally, and he fell it was a regular issue like many issues the CAB handles. He
added that in the past he has brought items back either by himself or with the General Manager that he thought
were a major issue to keep them apprised. In hindsight, he should have brought this to the Board of Selectmen.
He has already received direction from his Board, and thinks it is incumbent on the Boards of Selectmen, the
Town Managers/Administrators,and the CAB to consult prior to the final vote.
Mr. Capobianco stated that in all the discussions, no one has spoken of climate change, which is something that
concems him gravely. When he mentioned something about voluntarily advocating being placed under an RPS,
his hope is that people want to be green, and if people are concerned about climate change then that would be an
avenue to explore. He said that we all want to be green, control climate change, but we don't want to pay for R.
We want our kids to have the best education, but we don't want to pay higher taxes. Sooner or later he feels a
decision has to be made, and this is a decision ultimately that could be a maximum of$210/year, or$24.00/year
reimbursed to the ratepayers. He noted thatjust this year he renewed his homeowner's insurance policy, which
increased about 251/6 since last year, and was told the rates have gone up across the board due to a dramatic
increase in unpredictable weather patterns. So the $24.00 he is going to save on his electric bill is immediately
demolished by increased premiums he has to pay to insure the house. He noted this is the foundation of his
argument, and the essence of his vote and feelings. He does not mean 530M is insignificant, but what we could
be paying with a track that we are taking, he thinks could be considerably more, and there is fiscal sanity to this
argument.
Chairman Carakatsane stated that a classic example is the motion they just approved where they spent far more
money than what is being considered here—the fife of a power supply contract for four years at$21 M.
Mr.011ila added that he agrees with Mr. Capobianco 100%,which is one of the reasons he joined the CAB—to try
to do what can be done to be more sustainable and to do the right thing. He thinks what is frustrating to him Is the
REC issue is way too complicated and difficult to explain to a ratepayer. He believes that most of us truly want t
maximize our positive Impact on the world and whatever money or effort we put into it, we want to do the best
Citizens'Advisory Board Meeting Minutes 7
February 16, 2012
thing. He said that it is still not clear to him what the best way to do that is to sell the RECs and use that money to
do something good or to retire them. He said it is still not obvious to him.
Mr. Capoblanco commented that this is one of those difficult choices that needs to be made particularly
concerning this issue.
Chairman Canakatsane stated that there is some information the CAB Members wanted back from staff for the
next meeting. He said that one was what a policy does and the numbers from the Green Choice program. He
requested a one page memo on scenarios to set up a renewable energy fund. If the CAB voted to sell them so
that a fund of an equal amount could be set up, how that could be done.
Mr. Capobianco asked the staff if they had any opinions or comments on the issue, because he would like to hear
all alternatives,ideas,comments and considerations.
Chairman Carakatsane referred to Ms. Parenteau's and Mr. Seldon's memo dated October 21, 2011, which lays
out some scenarios and some things that are going on. He added that ESD has laid out three plus options on
page three of the memo,which the CAB has been discussing.
Ms. Parenteau stated that because the RMLD is public power and because the RMLD does not come under an
RPS, it creates an opportunity for the Board (of Commissioners) to locally control what the RMLD does. She
Minks what needs to be done is that the Board set up a policy,which gives direction from the Board and the CAB
to staff on what the RMLD wants. The ESD fully supports renewable projects, and tries to find the best ones for
the RMLD, and she thinks it adds to Mr. Capobianco's argument. She added that when the RMLD signs these
PPA contracts like Swift River, it Is reducing the amount of CO2. Whether the RMLD sells the RECs or what the
RMLD does with the money is really a policy decision that the RMLD has local control over. Because the IOUs
don't have a power supplier, they go out every six months, and the state has said this is the way we want you to
do It, because the state wants to be "green". The advantage of public power is that the Board controls the
process. She said that the ESD can work with the CAB and the Board and come up with scenarios so that maybe
it is not all or nothing, but something in between, in order that everyone's objective could be met. She thinks the
state is doing its best to create an umbrella that says this is how It has to work. The RMLD does not have that
umbrella and a policy would define the criteria,and could set parameters.
Mr.Hooper commented that the RMLD could continue to invest in renewable energy and build the portfolio.
Mr. Norton agrees with what Ms. Parenteau said, and if you go back to the January 5 minutes, he was the one
who made a motion that Included the Board of Light Commissioners set a distinctive policy regarding this issue so
that in the future no Board would have to go through this again.
Mr. Carpenter commented that throughout this whole process, the growth in renewable projects has been
amazing. He noted it's been a team effort with ESD, the General Manager, the Board, and the CAB. He added
that the REC discussion almost muddies all the good work that has been done. He stated that the RMLD is on
pace to do better than the State requirements so that if the RMLD does come under an RPS,the RMLD is 100%
ahead of the state. He does not want to see the progress that has been made stalled when the RMLD is already
on a good path.
Chairman Carakatsane commented that whether there is a new vote or not, he wants to see the RMLD still
pursue renewable contracts at reasonable prices.
Michele Benson, a retired RMLD employee and a member of the CCP (Citizens' for Climate Protection), stated
that she is not in favor of retiring the RECs. She added that what if this money, the $30M, does come in and
keeps the rates low enough that it allows the RMLD to continue to make a percentage of the renewable energy
that is being bought. If the money is retired, it has does nothing, and she questioned what that would accomplish.
She said that the money Is just disappearing where fi could be, if it comes into the Fuel Charge, turned around
and used for more projects and keeping the rates relatively low, so people aren't complaining that the RMLD is
Citizens'Advisory Board Meeting Minutes 8
February 18,2012
building this portfolio from 9% to 20% in Just a few years. The Board can make the decision that the money
coming back is reinvested in renewable energy, because it's still in the fuel. She asked why not use the money to
invest in more renewable energy.
Mr.Capobianco appreciated Ms.Benson's comments and liked Ms. Parenteau's idea of someone setting a policy.
Ms.Parenteau slated that ESD is eager to work with the Board and the CAB so that the RMLD can be better.
Mr. Capobianco asked the Chairman if the CAB has come to a decision on what they would recommend.
Chairman Carakatsane replied that the intent Is to have a meeting the first half of March,and the vote on the REC
issue would be on the agenda.
Mr. Norton complimented the staff for Its Input.
Mr. 011ila asked K anything happened with the solar project in Wilmington. Mr. Cameron stated that the
Department is still in discussions with them,and Ms. Parenteau added that the contract Is being finalized.
Chairman Carakatsane asked Messrs. Hahn and Soli if they had anything to add. Mr. Soli responded that he
came to listen. Mr. Hahn replied that a while ago there was some discussion about using conservation revenues
to fund investments. His suggestion would be to make sure that the language in the tariff allows that, and If it
doesn't it can be amended. He would not want the Department to be cavalier with that and have someone
challenge it later. He wants to make sure the language in the tariff allows what the Department wants to do.
S. Other Items for Discussion
None
7. Schedule Next Meeting.
Tentatively March 8, 2012
8. Adjournment
A motion was made at 9:00 P.M. by Mr. Hooper and seconded by Mr. Norton to adjourn the CAB Regular
Session meeting.
Motion carried 5:00.
Respectfully submitted,
V'V
John Norton Secretary
1pmo Minutes ap roved on: 31282012